Thursday, December 25, 2014

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy, Romania Confirmed

Re: [BSE-L] ROU 20-06-14 OIE Alert - Alerta - Alerte - Bovine spongiform encephalopathy - Encéphalopathie spongiforme bovine - Encefalopatía espongiforme bovina (atypical BSE L-type)
 
 
UPDATE December 25, 2014
 
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy, Romania
 
Information received on 23/12/2014 from Dr Maximilian Dragan, General Director, National Sanitary Veterinary and Food Safety Authority, Ministry of Agriculture and Food, Bucharest, Romania
Summary
Report type Follow-up report No. 3
Date of start of the event 06/05/2014
Date of pre-confirmation of the event 09/06/2014
Report date 23/12/2014
Date submitted to OIE 23/12/2014
Reason for notification First occurrence of a listed disease
Manifestation of disease Sub-clinical infection
Causal agent Prion
Nature of diagnosis Laboratory (advanced)
This event pertains to the whole country
Related reports Immediate notification (20/06/2014) Follow-up report No. 1 (20/10/2014) Follow-up report No. 2 (27/10/2014) Follow-up report No. 3 (23/12/2014)
New outbreaks (1)
Outbreak 1 Reci, COVASNA
Date of start of the outbreak 22/12/2014
Outbreak status Continuing (or date resolved not provided)
Epidemiological unit Backyard
Affected animals
Species Susceptible Cases Deaths Destroyed Slaughtered
Cattle 1 0 1 0
Affected population One bovine slaughtered at SC Neval Pietrosita, Dambovita county. No clinical signs.
Summary of outbreaks Total outbreaks: 1
Total animals affected
Species Susceptible Cases Deaths Destroyed Slaughtered
Cattle 1 0 1 0
Outbreak statistics
Species Apparent morbidity rate Apparent mortality rate Apparent case fatality rate Proportion susceptible animals lost*
Cattle ** ** 0.00% **
*Removed from the susceptible population through death, destruction and/or slaughter
**Not calculated because of missing information
Epidemiology
Source of the outbreak(s) or origin of infection
  • Unknown or inconclusive
Epidemiological comments One bovine without clinical signs with identification number RO155000108204 slaughtered in a slaughter house in Dambovita County. Follow up to identify the cohort will be done. Control measures in accordance with the EU regulation (CE) 999/2001.
Control measures
Measures applied
  • Screening
  • No vaccination
  • No treatment of affected animals
Measures to be applied
  • No other measures
Diagnostic test results
Laboratory name and type Species Test Test date Result
Institute for Diagnostic and Animal Health (National laboratory) Cattle rapid tests 22/12/2014 Positive
Institute for Diagnostic and Animal Health (National laboratory) Cattle western blot 23/12/2014 Positive
Future Reporting
The event is continuing. Weekly follow-up reports will be submitted.
Map of outbreak locations
http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapEventSummary&reportid=16819
 
 
Tuesday, December 23, 2014
 
FDA PART 589 -- SUBSTANCES PROHIBITED FROM USE IN ANIMAL FOOD OR FEED VIOLATIONS OFFICIAL ACTION INDICATED OAI UPDATE DECEMBER 2014 BSE TSE PRION
 
 
Wednesday, December 24, 2014
 
National Scrapie Eradication Program November 2014 Monthly Report Fiscal Year 2015
 
 
Tuesday, December 16, 2014
 
Evidence for zoonotic potential of ovine scrapie prions
 
Scrapie from sheep could infect humans with 'mad cow disease', study finds
 
 
 
 
*** HUMAN MAD COW DISEASE nvCJD TEXAS CASE NOT LINKED TO EUROPEAN TRAVEL CDC ***
 
Sunday, November 23, 2014
 
*** Confirmed Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (variant CJD) Case in Texas in June 2014 confirmed as USA case NOT European
 
the patient had resided in Kuwait, Russia and Lebanon. The completed investigation did not support the patient's having had extended travel to European countries, including the United Kingdom, or travel to Saudi Arabia. The specific overseas country where this patient’s infection occurred is less clear largely because the investigation did not definitely link him to a country where other known vCJD cases likely had been infected.
 
 
Sunday, December 14, 2014
 
ALERT new variant Creutzfeldt Jakob Disease nvCJD or vCJD, sporadic CJD strains, TSE prion aka Mad Cow Disease United States of America Update December 14, 2014 Report
 
 
Saturday, December 13, 2014
 
Terry S. Singeltary Sr. Publications TSE prion disease
 
for my files...tss
 
Diagnosis and Reporting of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease
 
Singeltary, Sr et al. JAMA.2001; 285: 733-734. Vol. 285 No. 6, February 14, 2001 JAMA
 
snip...
 
 
 
TSS
 
 
Sent: Saturday, June 21, 2014 11:39 AM
Subject: [BSE-L] ROU 20-06-14 OIE Alert - Alerta - Alerte - Bovine spongiform encephalopathy - Encéphalopathie spongiforme bovine - Encefalopatía espongiforme bovina (atypical BSE L-type)
 
 
Sent: Friday, June 20, 2014 11:10 AM
 
 
Subject: ROU 20-06-14 OIE Alert - Alerta - Alerte - Bovine spongiform encephalopathy - Encéphalopathie spongiforme bovine - Encefalopatía espongiforme bovina
 
English PDF reports Français Rapports PDF Español informes PDF
 
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy ,Romania Information received on 20/06/2014 from Dr Cristian Duicu, Director General, National Veterinary and Food Safety Authority for General Sanitary Veterinary Department, Ministry of Agriculture and Food, Bucharest , Romania
 
Summary Report type Immediate notification Date of start of the event 06/05/2014 Date of pre-confirmation of the event 09/06/2014 Report date 20/06/2014 Date submitted to OIE 20/06/2014 Reason for notification First occurrence of a listed disease Manifestation of disease Sub-clinical infection Causal agent Prion (atypical BSE L-type) Nature of diagnosis Laboratory (advanced) This event pertains to the whole country
 
New outbreaks Summary of outbreaks Total outbreaks: 1 Outbreak Location CLUJ ( Deusu, Deusu, Chinteni ) Total animals affected Species Susceptible Cases Deaths Destroyed Slaughtered Cattle 1 0 0 0 Outbreak statistics Species Apparent morbidity rate Apparent mortality rate Apparent case fatality rate Proportion susceptible animals lost* Cattle ** ** 0.00% **
 
* Removed from the susceptible population through death, destruction and/or slaughter; ** Not calculated because of missing information;
 
Epidemiology Source of the outbreak(s) or origin of infection Unknown or inconclusive Epidemiological comments The investigation is ongoing.
 
Control measures Measures applied Movement control inside the country No vaccination No treatment of affected animals Measures to be applied No other measures
 
Diagnostic test results Laboratory name and type Institute for Diagnosis and Animal Health ( National laboratory ) Tests and results Species Test Test date Result Cattle western blot 09/06/2014 Positive Laboratory name and type Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency (AHVLA), Weybridge, United Kingdom ( OIE’s Reference Laboratory ) Tests and results Species Test Test date Result Cattle immunohistochemical test 12/06/2014 Positive Cattle western blot 12/06/2014 Positive
 
Future Reporting The event is continuing. Weekly follow-up reports will be submitted.
 
 
Encéphalopathie spongiforme bovine ,Roumanie Information reçue le 20/06/2014 de Dr Cristian Duicu, Director General, National Veterinary and Food Safety Authority for General Sanitary Veterinary Department, Ministry of Agriculture and Food, Bucharest , Roumanie
 
Résumé Type de rapport Notification immédiate Date de début de l’événement 06/05/2014 Date de pré-confirmation de l´événement 09/06/2014 Date du rapport 20/06/2014 Date d'envoi à l'OIE 20/06/2014 Raison de notification Apparition pour la première fois d’une maladie appartenant à la liste de l'OIE Manifestation de la maladie Infection sub-clinique Agent causal Prion (ESB atypique type L) Nature du diagnostic Tests approfondis en laboratoire (i.e. virologie, microscopie électronique, biologie moléculaire, immunologie) Cet événement se rapporte à tout le pays
 
Nouveaux foyers Récapitulatif des foyers Nombre total de foyers : 1 Localisation du foyer CLUJ ( Deusu, Deusu, Chinteni ) Nombre total d'animaux atteints Espèce(s) Sensibles Cas Morts Détruits Abattus Bovins 1 0 0 0 Statistiques sur le foyer Espèce(s) Taux de morbidité apparent Taux de mortalité apparent Taux de fatalité apparent Proportion d'animaux sensibles perdus* Bovins ** ** 0.00% **
 
* Soustraits de la population sensible suite à la mort, à l´abattage et/ou à la destruction; ** Non calculé par manque de données;
 
Epidémiologie Source du/des foyer(s) ou origine de l´infection Inconnue ou incertaine Autres renseignements épidémiologiques / Commentaires L'enquête est en cours.
 
Mesures de lutte Mesure de lutte appliquées Restriction des déplacements à l'intérieur du pays Pas de vaccination Aucun traitement des animaux atteints Mesures à appliquer Aucune autre mesure
 
Résultats des tests de diagnostics Nom du laboratoire et type Agence des Laboratoires vétérinaires et santé animale (AHVLA), Weybridge (Royaume-Uni) ( Laboratoire de référence de l’OIE ) Tests et résultats Espèce(s) Test Date du test Résultat Bovins examen immunohistochimique 12/06/2014 Positif Bovins western blot 12/06/2014 Positif Nom du laboratoire et type Institut de diagnostic et de santé animale ( Laboratoire national ) Tests et résultats Espèce(s) Test Date du test Résultat Bovins western blot 09/06/2014 Positif
 
Rapports futurs Cet événement se poursuit. Des rapports de suivi hebdomadaires devront être envoyés.
 
 
Encefalopatía espongiforme bovina ,Rumania Información recibida el 20/06/2014 desde Dr Cristian Duicu, Director General, National Veterinary and Food Safety Authority for General Sanitary Veterinary Department, Ministry of Agriculture and Food, Bucharest , Rumania
 
Resumen Tipo de informe Notificación inmediata Fecha del inicio del evento 06/05/2014 Fecha de pre-confirmación del evento 09/06/2014 Fecha del informe 20/06/2014 Fecha de envio del informe a la OIE 20/06/2014 Motivo de la notificación Aparición por primera vez de una enfermedad de la Lista de la OIE Manifestación de la enfermedad Infección sub-clínica Agente causal Prion (EEB atípica tipo L) Naturaleza del diagnóstico Pruebas de diagnóstico de laboratorio avanzadas (ej. virología, microscopía electrónica, biología molecular e inmunología) Este evento concierne todo el país
 
Nuevos focos Resumen de los focos Número total de focos: 1 Localización del foco CLUJ ( Deusu, Deusu, Chinteni ) Número total de animales afectados Especies Susceptibles Casos Muertos Destruidos Sacrificados Bovinos 1 0 0 0 Estadística del foco Especies Tasa de morbilidad aparente Tasa de mortalidad aparente Tasa de fatalidad aparente Proporción de animales susceptibles perdidos* Bovinos ** ** 0.00% **
 
* Descontados de la población susceptible a raíz de su muerte, destrucción o sacrificio; ** No calculado por falta de datos;
 
Epidemiología Fuente del o de los focos u origen de la infección Desconocida o no concluyente Otros detalles epidemiológicos / comentarios Se está investigando.
 
Medidas de Control Medidas implementadas Restricción de los movimientos en el interior del país Vacunación: no Ningún tratamiento de los animales afectados Medidas para implementar Ninguna otra medida
 
Resultados de las pruebas diagnósticas Nombre y tipo de laboratorio Agencia de laboratorios veterinarios y sanidad animal (AHVLA), Weybridge (Reino Unido) ( Laboratorio de referencia de la OIE ) Pruebas y resultados Especies Prueba Fecha de la prueba Resultados Bovinos examen inmunohistoquímico 12/06/2014 Positivo Bovinos western blot 12/06/2014 Positivo Nombre y tipo de laboratorio Instituto de diagnóstico y sanidad animal ( Laboratorio nacional ) Pruebas y resultados Especies Prueba Fecha de la prueba Resultados Bovinos western blot 09/06/2014 Positivo
 
Informes futuros El episodio continúa. Informes de seguimiento semanales serán enviados
 
<!--[endif]—>
 
 
Press releases
 
Brussels, 16 May 2001
 
BSE: Scientists publish risk assessments for Costa Rica, Kenya, Slovenia and Romania
 
The Scientific Steering Committee (SSC) advising the European Commission on BSE related issues has today published its opinion on the Geographical Risk of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (GBR) in Costa Rica, Kenya, Slovenia and Romania. The evaluation of the geographical risk of presence of BSE focuses on the risk for animals to incubate the disease. The Committee concludes that is highly unlikely that cattle infected with the BSE agent are present in domestic herds of Costa Rica (GBR level I). They found that this is unlikely but not excluded in the herds of Kenya and Slovenia (GBR level II) and that it is likely that BSE is present in the cattle herds of Romania (GBR level III) although this is not yet confirmed. Slovenia is the first accession country that is classified as GBR level II. All other accession countries evaluated so far have been classified at level III of Geographical BSE Risk. Similarly, all EU Member States are classified at level III except for Sweden, Finland and Austria (level II) and United Kingdom and Portugal (level IV).
 
The Committee found that Slovenia has since 1992 imported 2.400 live cattle notably from Germany, and imported small amounts of MBM. The Slovenian authorities have been able to trace most of these cattle imports and to demonstrate that many of them are still alive. They also showed that reasonably effective controls on the rendering of MBM were in place at least as of 1996, and probably also before that date. In addition, a first feed ban to ruminants was introduced in 1996. It is therefore regarded unlikely but not excluded that the BSE agent could have been recycled, but not amplified, in Slovenia between 1992 and January 2001, when a complete feed ban was put in place. Romania has imported higher numbers of live cattle (about 22,000 tons) and meat-and-bone-meal (about 10,000 tons) from EU countries where the presence of BSE has since been confirmed. Although risk management measures were taken as of 1996, their effective enforcement has not been demonstrated. Therefore it is regarded likely that Romanian cattle herds were exposed to potentially BSE contaminated feed and subsequently infected.
 
Kenya has received meat and bone meal exports notably between 1987-1990 from the UK and since 1994 from Belgium, Denmark and the Netherlands. The data made available to the SSC do not exclude that some of this MBM has reached domestic cattle. The conclusion of the assessment for Costa Rica is based on data demonstrating that BSE infectivity is highly unlikely to have reached the country and hence the domestic cattle population. Only minor quantities of potentially infected live cattle (35 from Spain) or potentially contaminated meat-and-bone meal (5 tonnes) were imported into the country.
 
The SSC recommends that BSE related aspects are included in the programme of future inspection missions of the Food and Veterinary Office, as far as feasible, to obtain confirmation of the information received from the national authorities in the countries concerned. For the time being, the scientists underline, their assessment has to be based on the information provided by the assessed countries. As far as possible all data have been evaluated and verified in close co-operation with the countries concerned, and checked against other sources in an open and transparent manner. Data on imports provided by the countries under evaluation have for example been compared with export data as recorded by EUROSTAT, the EU Statistical Office, and with export data provided by the UK authorities.
 
The evaluation of the GBR in these third countries was made on the basis of the same method and assessment process as described by the SSC in its July 2000 opinion on the GBR( 1 ). In the July-opinion the scientists already assessed the GBR risk in all EU Member States except Greece, and a first series of third countries( 2 ). An assessment for Uruguay was published in January; assessments for Botswana, Lithuania, Namibia, Nicaragua, and Swaziland in February, and for Albania, Brazil, Colombia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, India, Mauritius, Pakistan, Poland, Singapore and Slovakia in April this year.
 
The full text of the opinions is available at:
 
 
Released on 29/05/2001
 
Updated Overview of third countries according to Geographical BSE risk classification
 
Category I: Highly unlikely to present a BSE risk
 
Argentina Australia Botswana Brazil Chile Costa Rica Namibia Nicaragua Norway New Zealand Paraguay Singapore Swaziland Uruguay
 
Category II: Unlikely, but a BSE risk cannot be excluded
 
Canada Colombia India Kenya Mauritius Pakistan Slovenia USA
 
Category III: likely to present a BSE risk, even if not confirmed, or presenting a low level of confirmed BSE risk
 
Albania Cyprus Czech Republic Estonia Hungary Lithuania Poland Romania Slovak Republic Switzerland
 
Category IV: BSE risk confirmed at a high level
 
None
 
----------------------------------------
 
1 see IP of August1, 2000 at :
 
 
2 Argentina, Australia, Canada, Chile, Norway, New Zealand, Paraguay, Switzerland, USA
 
 
2004 BSE GBR
 
 
 
 
Opinion of the Scientific Steering Committee on the GEOGRAPHICAL RISK OF BOVINE SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHY (GBR) in Romania Adopted on 11/05/2001
 
 
 
FINAL REPORT OF AN AUDIT CARRIED OUT IN ROMANIA FROM 07 TO 18 FEBRUARY 2011 IN ORDER TO EVALUATE MEASURES CONCERNING BOVINE SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHY (BSE)
 
Executive Summary This report describes the outcome of an audit carried out by the Food and Veterinary Office (FVO) in Romania, from 7 to 18 February 2011.
 
The objective of the audit was to evaluate the implementation of requirements concerning Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE), as laid down in Regulation (EC) No 999/2001.
 
In terms of scope, the audit concentrated on BSE epidemio-surveillance in bovines, measures taken after suspicion/confirmation of BSE, removal and handling of specified risk material (SRM) from bovines, and the prohibition of feeding products of animal origin to farmed animals and exceptions applicable to this ban. The evaluation included measures taken in response to the recommendations made in a previous FVO audit regarding the afore-mentioned issues.
 
Overall, the report concludes that very limited progress has been made in order to address the recommendations of the previous FVO audit. In particular, BSE active epidemio-surveillance and compliance with SRM rules are significantly affected by the lack of arrangements for the collection of brain samples and SRM at backyard farms, where the majority of the bovine population is kept. There are also weaknesses concerning feed-ban controls.
 
The report makes a number of recommendations addressed to the Romanian competent authorities, aimed at rectifying the shortcomings identified and further enhancing the implementing and control measures in place.
 
 
 
 
 
SEE ;
 
Friday, January 17, 2014
 
Annual report of the Scientific Network on BSE-TSE EFSA, Question No EFSA-Q-2013-01004, approved on 11 December 2013 TECHNICAL REPORT
 
 
 
TSS

Saturday, December 6, 2014

Detection of Bovine Central Nervous System Tissues in Rendered Animal By-Products by One-Step Real-Time Reverse Transcription PCR Assay

Detection of Bovine Central Nervous System Tissues in Rendered Animal By-Products by One-Step Real-Time Reverse Transcription PCR Assay

 

Authors: Andrievskaia, Olga1; Tangorra, Erin2

 

Source: Journal of Food Protection®, Number 12, December 2014, pp. 2012-2218, pp. 2088-2097(10)

 

Publisher: International Association for Food Protection

 

Abstract:

 

Contamination of rendered animal byproducts with central nervous system tissues (CNST) from animals with bovine spongiform encephalopathy is considered one of the vehicles of disease transmission. Removal from the animal feed chain of CNST originated from cattle of a specified age category, species-labeling of rendered meat products, and testing of rendered products for bovine CNST are tasks associated with the epidemiological control of bovine spongiform encephalopathy. A single-step TaqMan real-time reverse transcriptase (RRT) PCR assay was developed and evaluated for specific detection of bovine glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) mRNA, a biomarker of bovine CNST, in rendered animal by-products. An internal amplification control, mammalian b -actin mRNA, was coamplified in the duplex RRT-PCR assay to monitor amplification efficiency, normalize amplification signals, and avoid false-negative results. The functionality of the GFAP mRNA RRT-PCR was assessed through analysis of laboratory-generated binary mixtures of bovine central nervous system (CNS) and muscle tissues treated under various thermal settings imitating industrial conditions. The assay was able to detect as low as 0.05 % (wt/wt) bovine brain tissue in binary mixtures heat treated at 110 to 130°C for 20 to 60 min. Further evaluation of the GFAP mRNA RRT-PCR assay involved samples of industrial rendered products of various species origin and composition obtained from commercial sources and rendering plants. Low amounts of bovine GFAP mRNA were detected in several bovine-rendered products, which was in agreement with declared species composition. An accurate estimation of CNS tissue content in industrial-rendered products was complicated due to a wide range of temperature and time settings in rendering protocols. Nevertheless, the GFAP mRNA RRT-PCR assay may be considered for bovine CNS tissue detection in rendered products in combination with other available tools (for example, animal age verification) in inspection programs.

 

 Document Type: Research Article

 


 

Affiliations: 1: Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Ottawa Laboratory (Fallowfield), 3851 Fallowfield Road, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K2H 8P9;, Email: Olga.Andrievskaia@inspection.gc.ca 2: Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Ottawa Laboratory (Fallowfield), 3851 Fallowfield Road, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K2H 8P9

 

Publication date: December 1, 2014

 


 

Friday, May 18, 2012

 

December 23, 2002 at 12:12 pm PST

 

Re: USA ruminant-to-ruminant feed ban warning letters ???

 

December 23, 2002 at 12:12 pm PST

 

Subject: Re: USA ruminant-to-ruminant feed ban warning letters ???

 

Date: Mon, 23 Dec 2002 12:56:07 -0600

 

From: "Terry S. Singeltary Sr." Reply-To: Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy To: BSE-L@uni-karlsruhe.de

 

References:

 

######## Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy #########

 

Greetings and Happy Holidays,

 

hi Linda, many thanks for this reply, was just checking in to see if anything new had happened since our last correspondence.

 

i thought i had missed something?

 

> Unfortunately, the new database is much more complicated than

 

> the old one, and it does not lend itself to presenting data in

 

> a simple spreadsheet as we did in the past.

 

how convenient;-) i had no problems with the old one...

 

> Please be assured that CVM is working to solve this problem,

 

> and we do plan to post this data in the future.

 

thank you, if USDA/APHIS are lucky, i will hold my breath until that time;-)

 

nothing personal Linda, take care, and may the New Year bring

 

PEACE...

 

TSS

 


 


 

Tuesday, November 04, 2014

 

The pathological and molecular but not clinical phenotypes are maintained after second passage of experimental atypical bovine spongiform encephalopathy in cattle

 


 

*** Singeltary reply ; Molecular, Biochemical and Genetic Characteristics of BSE in Canada Singeltary reply ;

 


 

Tuesday, August 12, 2014

 

MAD COW USDA TSE PRION COVER UP or JUST IGNORANCE, for the record AUGUST 2014

 


 

Thursday, October 02, 2014

 

[Docket No. APHIS-2013-0064] Concurrence With OIE Risk Designations for Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy

 


 

Saturday, August 14, 2010

 

BSE Case Associated with Prion Protein Gene Mutation (g-h-BSEalabama) and VPSPr PRIONPATHY

 


 

2009 UPDATE ON ALABAMA AND TEXAS MAD COWS 2005 and 2006

 


 

10,000,000+ LBS. of PROHIBITED BANNED MAD COW FEED I.E. BLOOD LACED MBM IN COMMERCE USA 2007

 

Date: March 21, 2007 at 2:27 pm PST

 

RECALLS AND FIELD CORRECTIONS: VETERINARY MEDICINES -- CLASS II

 

PRODUCT

 

Bulk cattle feed made with recalled Darling's 85% Blood Meal, Flash Dried, Recall # V-024-2007

 

CODE

 

Cattle feed delivered between 01/12/2007 and 01/26/2007

 

RECALLING FIRM/MANUFACTURER

 

Pfeiffer, Arno, Inc, Greenbush, WI. by conversation on February 5, 2007.

 

Firm initiated recall is ongoing.

 

REASON

 

Blood meal used to make cattle feed was recalled because it was cross- contaminated with prohibited bovine meat and bone meal that had been manufactured on common equipment and labeling did not bear cautionary BSE statement.

 

VOLUME OF PRODUCT IN COMMERCE

 

42,090 lbs.

 

DISTRIBUTION

 

WI

 

___________________________________

 

PRODUCT

 

Custom dairy premix products: MNM ALL PURPOSE Pellet, HILLSIDE/CDL Prot- Buffer Meal, LEE, M.-CLOSE UP PX Pellet, HIGH DESERT/ GHC LACT Meal, TATARKA, M CUST PROT Meal, SUNRIDGE/CDL PROTEIN Blend, LOURENZO, K PVM DAIRY Meal, DOUBLE B DAIRY/GHC LAC Mineral, WEST PIONT/GHC CLOSEUP Mineral, WEST POINT/GHC LACT Meal, JENKS, J/COMPASS PROTEIN Meal, COPPINI - 8# SPECIAL DAIRY Mix, GULICK, L-LACT Meal (Bulk), TRIPLE J - PROTEIN/LACTATION, ROCK CREEK/GHC MILK Mineral, BETTENCOURT/GHC S.SIDE MK-MN, BETTENCOURT #1/GHC MILK MINR, V&C DAIRY/GHC LACT Meal, VEENSTRA, F/GHC LACT Meal, SMUTNY, A- BYPASS ML W/SMARTA, Recall # V-025-2007

 

CODE

 

The firm does not utilize a code - only shipping documentation with commodity and weights identified.

 

RECALLING FIRM/MANUFACTURER

 

Rangen, Inc, Buhl, ID, by letters on February 13 and 14, 2007. Firm initiated recall is complete.

 

REASON

 

Products manufactured from bulk feed containing blood meal that was cross contaminated with prohibited meat and bone meal and the labeling did not bear cautionary BSE statement.

 

VOLUME OF PRODUCT IN COMMERCE

 

9,997,976 lbs.

 

DISTRIBUTION

 

ID and NV

 

END OF ENFORCEMENT REPORT FOR MARCH 21, 2007

 


 

Sunday, December 15, 2013

 

*** FDA PART 589 -- SUBSTANCES PROHIBITED FROM USE IN ANIMAL FOOD OR FEED VIOLATIONS OFFICIAL ACTION INDICATED OIA UPDATE DECEMBER 2013 UPDATE ***

 


 

Tuesday, December 2, 2014

 

UK EXPORTS OF MBM TO WORLD Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy BSE TSE Prion aka Mad Cow Disease

 

USA, NORTH AMERICA, MBM (or any potential TSE prion disease) EXPORTS TO THE WORLD (?) [protected by the BSE MRR policy] $$$

 


 

Friday, December 5, 2014

 

SPECIAL ALERT The OIE recommends strengthening animal disease surveillance worldwide

 

OIE BSE TSE PRION AKA MAD COW DISEASE ?

 

‘’the silence was deafening’’ ...tss

 


 

Wednesday, December 3, 2014

 

Over 200 Groups Urge Congress to Continue Supporting COOL

 

For Immediate Release

 


 

Monday, December 1, 2014

 

Germany Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy BSE CJD TSE Prion disease A Review December 1, 2014

 


 

Friday, November 28, 2014

 

BOVINE SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHY BSE AKA MAD COW DISEASE PORTUGAL CONFIRMED

 


 

Sunday, October 5, 2014

 

France stops BSE testing for Mad Cow Disease

 


 

Monday, May 5, 2014

 

Brazil BSE Mad Cow disease confirmed OIE 02/05/2014

 


 

Sunday, November 23, 2014

 

Confirmed Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (variant CJD) Case in Texas in June 2014 confirmed as USA case NOT European

 

*** ‘’The specific overseas country where this patient’s infection occurred is less clear largely because the investigation did not definitely link him to a country where other known vCJD cases likely had been infected.’’

 


 

kind regards, terry

Monday, December 1, 2014

Germany Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy BSE CJD TSE Prion disease A Review December 1, 2014

Germany Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy BSE CJD TSE Prion disease A Review December 1, 2014

 
Number of reported cases of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in farmed cattle worldwide* (excluding the United Kingdom)

GERMANY

Country/Year

 
89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14

 
Germany

 
0 0 0 1b 0 3b 0 0 2b 0 0 7 125 106 54 65 32 16 4 2 2 0 0 0 0 2c

 
b Imported case(s).

 
c Austria - Data as of 30 June 2014.

 
http://www.oie.int/en/animal-health-in-the-world/bse-specific-data/number-of-reported-cases-worldwide-excluding-the-united-kingdom/

 
 Berl Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr. 2013 May-Jun;126(5-6):220-9.
 
Case-control study on the risks of BSE infections in Northern Germany.
 
Campe A1, Sauter K, Beyerbach M, Schael J, Selhorst T, Leo SB, Kramer M, Kreienbrock L.
 
Author information
 
1Department of Biometry, Epidemiology and Information Processing, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover. amely.campe@tiho-hannover.de
 
Abstract
 
This study was to identify risk factors for bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) by means of individual case-control data. 43 BSE cases in a defined region in Lower Saxony and Schleswig-Holstein were compared with 84 control animals. Purchase of new breeding stock and cross contamination between feed on the farm did not seem to have influence on the BSE incidence in these regions. The results indicate independent risk patterns.
 
Pattern
 
1: Cows with high milk yield seemed to be at risk on big farms with adjacent pig production and when they were not fed milk replacer. Pattern
 
2: Milk replacer (esp. from certain producers) is a risk factor for Non-Red Holstein cattle, low yielding cows and farms without pig production. Pattern
 
3: Red Holstein cattle not being fed milk replacer have a higher BSE risk than other breeds when they have a low milk yield and live on small farms with pig production.
 
This study, like findings in Bavaria, Lower Saxony and Schleswig-Holstein, strengthens the hypothesis that BSE in Germany was caused by a feed mediated ubiquitous exposure to PrP(sc) during a confined time period. Producers, in need of buying animal derived feed components during that time slot, were more likely to spread the PrP(sc) than others. Their increased risk is not necessarily due to an inadequate purchasing policy, but can also be coincidental. The breed Red Holstein is not the risk factor itself but represents the risk from concentrated feed for animals during a susceptible age period (calves). Therefore, the authors suggest a continuous exclusion of animal-derived fat components from milk replacers.
 
 
*** please see files of U.K. exports of M.B.M. AND OTHER MEAT PRODUCTS (metric tonnes), and to the countries (including Germany), they went to;
 
UK EXPORTS OF MBM TO WORLD
 
 
 
 
OTHERS
 
BEEF AND VEAL
 
 
 
 
LIVE CATTLE
 
 
FATS
 
 
EMBRYOS
 
 
GELATIN ETC
 
 
SEMEN
 
 
MEAT
 
 
*** Singeltary reply ; Molecular, Biochemical and Genetic Characteristics of BSE in Canada Singeltary reply ;
 
 
 
From: Terry S. Singeltary Sr.
 
Sent: Wednesday, February 26, 2014 7:54 AM
 
To: BSE-L@LISTS.AEGEE.ORG
 
Subject: [BSE-L] GERMANY REPORTS ANOTHER CASE OF ATYPICAL BSE (H-TYPE)
 
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy,
 
Germany
 
Information received on 25/02/2014 from Dr. Karin Schwabenbauer, Ministerial Dirigentin and Chief Veterinary Officer , Directorate of Animal Health, Animal Welfare, Bundesministerium für Ernährung, Landwirtschaft und Verbraucherschutz (BMELV) , Bonn, Germany
 
Summary
 
Report type Immediate notification (Final report) Date of start of the event 30/01/2014 Date of pre-confirmation of the event 04/02/2014 Report date 25/02/2014 Date submitted to OIE 25/02/2014 Date event resolved 13/02/2014 Reason for notification Reoccurrence of a listed disease Date of previous occurrence 16/01/2014 Manifestation of disease Sub-clinical infection Causal agent Prion (atypical BSE H-type) Nature of diagnosis Laboratory (advanced) This event pertains to the whole country
 
New outbreaks (1)
 
Outbreak 1 Prädikow, Prötzel, Märkisch-Oderland, BRANDENBURG Date of start of the outbreak 30/01/2014 Outbreak status Resolved (13/02/2014) Epidemiological unit Farm Affected animals Species Susceptible Cases Deaths Destroyed Slaughtered Cattle 714 1 0 1 0
 
Summary of outbreaks Total outbreaks: 1 Total animals affected Species Susceptible Cases Deaths Destroyed Slaughtered Cattle 714 1 0 1 0
 
Outbreak statistics Species Apparent morbidity rate Apparent mortality rate Apparent case fatality rate Proportion susceptible animals lost* Cattle 0.14% 0.00% 0.00% 0.14%
 
*Removed from the susceptible population through death, destruction and/or slaughter
 
Epidemiology Source of the outbreak(s) or origin of infection Unknown or inconclusive
 
Epidemiological comments As part of the German targeted bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) surveillance system, a BSE-case classified as atypical (H-type) was identified in a cow at slaughter. An epidemiological investigation of the event was conducted. The summary of the event is as follows: - The cow was slaughtered on 30.01.2014 at the age of eleven years and four months without clinical signs. - Results from the immuno blot tests at the NRL (Friedrich Loeffler-Institute) confirmed the animal positive for atypical BSE of the H-type, a very rare form of the disease not associated with feeding. - The animal´s carcass has been destroyed. The identified animal did not enter the food channels; at no time it presented any risk to human health. - The epidemiological investigation identified eight offspring cattle, three of which were already slaughtered, one of which has been fallen and four of which have been traded to another Member State. The tracing of the bovines born on the farm from one year before until one year after the birth of the identified cow revealed 371 bovines (177 have been already slaughtered, 63 were fallen stock, 3 have been traded within the territory of Germany, 127 have been traded to other States, one has been culled and destroyed). The OIE does not recognize an atypical form of BSE as a distinct entity for the purpose of its international standards; it is not mentioned in the OIE Terrestrial Animal Health Code, which does not distinguish between different forms of BSE.
 
Control measures Measures applied Movement control inside the country Screening Disinfection of infected premises/establishment(s) Modified stamping out No vaccination No treatment of affected animals
 
Measures to be applied No other measures
 
Diagnostic test results Laboratory name and type Species Test Test date Result Friedrich Loeffler-Institute (National laboratory) Cattle western blot 04/02/2014 Positive
 
Future Reporting The event is resolved. No more reports will be submitted.
 
Map of outbreak locations
 
 
Saturday, January 18, 2014
 
GERMANY DETECTS A CASE OF ATYPICAL BSE Jan 17, 2014
 
 
Saturday, January 18, 2014
 
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy ,Germany Information received on 17/01/2014
 
 
Wednesday, February 26, 2014
 
GERMANY REPORTS ANOTHER CASE OF ATYPICAL BSE (H-TYPE)
 
 
Saturday, January 18, 2014
 
GERMANY DETECTS A CASE OF ATYPICAL BSE Jan 17, 2014
 
 
Saturday, January 18, 2014
 
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy ,Germany Information received on 17/01/2014
 
 
55. Chancellor Kohl responded on 16 June (exhibit 28) [YB 94/6.16/11.1- 11.2]. He confirmed that he was being pressed to take political decisions in this area. This was due to the fact that, in the opinion of experts, BSE might also pose a risk to humans, although the extent of this risk and the conclusions to be drawn were a matter of contention. He said that he would like to discuss the topic in the margins of the European Council meeting in Corfu. This meeting was to take place on 24 and 25 June.
 
snip...
 
76. The National Meat Hygiene Service was established on 1 April 1995. 77. On 25 October 1995 I received briefing on CJD in farmers (in preparation for Prime Minister's Questions) (exhibit 39) [YB 95/10.25/14.1- 14.2]. The briefing reconfirmed that there was no scientific evidence to link BSE in cattle with CJD in humans. It referred to a potential fourth case of CJD in a farmer with BSE in his herd, which was reported in the Daily Mail. The brief stated that this case had been considered by SEAC, and SEAC did not advise the Government to adopt extra precautions to protect human health. The background note attached to the briefing confirmed that neither this case nor SEAC's statement changed the Government's fundamental advice that beef was safe to eat. A claim by the Today newspaper that there was a fifth case of CJD in a farmer with BSE in his herd was stated to be without foundation. The note brought to my attention details of two confirmed cases of sporadic CJD in teenagers in the UK, which were to be published in The Lancet that weekend. It was noted that such cases were extremely rare and would attract media and possibly Parliamentary interest. However, we had been told that such cases appear sporadically. Nothing in the briefing suggested the position had changed since SEAC had considered a similar case in 1993, as referred to above.
 
 
TELEGRAPHIC MESSAGE FROM THE PRIME MINISTER TO CHANCELLOR KOHL
 
snip...
 
The question of British beef exports to Germany has attracted a great deal of public attention in both our countries. I have not raised it with you before because it is, above all, a matter for experts, and ideally might be left to them. However, I understand that you are being pressed to take some political decisions which would override agreements made within the European Community.
 
snip...
 
I am sorry that this technical problem has now become of for the Heads of Government. I am keen to do whatever I can to prevent it from taking on larger political dimensions.
 
With best wishes,
 
Yours ever,
 
John
 
 
RESTRICTED
 
The Prime Minister said that Germany’s handling of the beef question was causing problems here. Kinkel acknowledged this. The German people are very sensitive about beef. The German approach would be to avoid British beef until there was scientific evidence to prove conclusively that it was not dangerous. He knew that legal problems would arise if Germany had to follow a unilateral approach. However, the elections gave this a big political dimension. ‘’ONE CASE WOULD BE CURTAINS FOR US’’.
 
 
CONFIDENTIAL BSE EXPERIMENT
 
 
CONFIDENTIAL BSE EXPERIMENT
 
From: Miss E J Wordley PS/Minister
 
Date: 28 June 1994 Room No & Building: 203 WPW Tel: 270 8709
 
To: Mr T Eddy - AH(DC) TOL+l
 
 cc PS/MoS
 
PS/PS(C) PS/PS(L) PS/Perm Sec Dr E Cottrell Mr C Capstick Mr K C Meldrum Mr M Haddon Mr G Hllis Mr B Atwood Mr K Taytor Mr D Rossington - BEEF WPW Me B Harding - MMP WPE Mr S Dugdale - INF WPW Mr R Bradley - VETS CVL
 
1. The Minister held a series .of meetings on 27 June to discuss the latest results from the BSE pathogenesis experiment and their handling.
 
2. The first meeting was with the Parliamentary Secretary (Commons). Permanent Secretary, Dr Cottrell. Me Capstick, Mr Meldrum, Mr Atwood. Me Haddon, Mr Taylor. Mr Bradley, Mr Rossington and Mr Dugdale.
 
3. Introducing the discussion, you said that the Tyrrell Committee had met over the weekend and examined three things:
 
the pathogenesis study which demonstrated that infective 'material was found in calves' intestines; the case control study which was examining statistical analysis of cattle born after the ban to see if maternal or horizontal transmission was demonstrated;
 
and, unexpectedly, a paper from Dr Will of the CJD monitoring unit which examined whether there was any correlation between the eating habits of CJD victims. This third paper demonstrated that there was apparently a positive correlation between CJD and lifetime consumption of veal (to a ratio of (13) though it was probable that this was a statistical quirk since the sample was not statistically significant. Tyrrell did not regard it as a significant point, but it was presentionally difficult. The report was due to be published at the end of July.
 
CVO BSE 1 59
 
343
 
94/06.28/10.1
 
 
The Bundesrat motion on early promulgation could put some political pressure on the Government, but this will be reduced by the summer break. It’s existence can also be used by Seehofer at his convenience to threaten promulgation, pleading political pressure. Doerfler’s comments suggest the Germans are continuing to see the threat of a unilateral (implemented) ban as useful pressure to extract more at the European level.
 
 
***********CJD REPORT 1994 increased risk for consumption of veal and venison and lamb***********
 
CREUTZFELDT JAKOB DISEASE SURVEILLANCE IN THE UNITED KINGDOM THIRD ANNUAL REPORT AUGUST 1994
 
Consumption of venison and veal was much less widespread among both cases and controls. For both of these meats there was evidence of a trend with increasing frequency of consumption being associated with increasing risk of CJD. (not nvCJD, but sporadic CJD...tss)
 
These associations were largely unchanged when attention was restricted to pairs with data obtained from relatives. ...
 
Table 9 presents the results of an analysis of these data.
 
There is STRONG evidence of an association between ‘’regular’’ veal eating and risk of CJD (p = .0.01).
 
Individuals reported to eat veal on average at least once a year appear to be at 13 TIMES THE RISK of individuals who have never eaten veal.
 
There is, however, a very wide confidence interval around this estimate. There is no strong evidence that eating veal less than once per year is associated with increased risk of CJD (p = 0.51).
 
The association between venison eating and risk of CJD shows similar pattern, with regular venison eating associated with a 9 FOLD INCREASE IN RISK OF CJD (p = 0.04).
 
There is some evidence that risk of CJD INCREASES WITH INCREASING FREQUENCY OF LAMB EATING (p = 0.02).
 
The evidence for such an association between beef eating and CJD is weaker (p = 0.14). When only controls for whom a relative was interviewed are included, this evidence becomes a little STRONGER (p = 0.08).
 
snip...
 
It was found that when veal was included in the model with another exposure, the association between veal and CJD remained statistically significant (p = < 0.05 for all exposures), while the other exposures ceased to be statistically significant (p = > 0.05).
 
snip...
 
In conclusion, an analysis of dietary histories revealed statistical associations between various meats/animal products and INCREASED RISK OF CJD. When some account was taken of possible confounding, the association between VEAL EATING AND RISK OF CJD EMERGED AS THE STRONGEST OF THESE ASSOCIATIONS STATISTICALLY. ...
 
snip...
 
In the study in the USA, a range of foodstuffs were associated with an increased risk of CJD, including liver consumption which was associated with an apparent SIX-FOLD INCREASE IN THE RISK OF CJD. By comparing the data from 3 studies in relation to this particular dietary factor, the risk of liver consumption became non-significant with an odds ratio of 1.2 (PERSONAL COMMUNICATION, PROFESSOR A. HOFMAN. ERASMUS UNIVERSITY, ROTTERDAM). (???...TSS)
 
snip...see full report ;
 
 
Thursday, October 10, 2013
 
*************CJD REPORT 1994 increased risk for consumption of veal and venison and lamb**************
 
 
PEO752/2 0097
 
CONFIDENTIAL-POLICY MARKET SENSITIVE-LIMITED DISTRIBUTION
 
BSE AND CJD
 
RECEIVED
 
25 MAR 1996
 
BSE AND CJD
 
The Prime Minister held a meeting on Tuesday 19 March to discuss the latest scientific information on Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) and Creutzfeldt Jacob Disease (CJD), The Deputy Prime Minister, the Lord President, Chief Secretary, Lord Privy Seal, the Secretary of State for Health, the Secretary of State for Scotland, the Minister for Agriculture. the Financial Secretary, the Attorney General, the Minister for Food, the Chief Whip, Sir Robin Butler, Keith Meldrum (Chief Veterinary Officer), Professor Pattison (Chairman of SEAC), Dr Eileen Rubery (Department of Health), Richard Packer (MAFF), Lord McColl, John Ward, Howell James, Alex Allan, Jonathan Haslam, Robert Culpin (HM Treasury), Kenneth Mackenzie (Cabinet Office), Tim Sutton (HM Treasury) were also present.
 
The Deputy Prime Minister, the Chief Secretary to the Treasury and the Lord Privy Seal all announced that they had relevant interests in the form of cattle herds.
 
The Prime Minister began the meeting by commenting that some very difficult decisions needed to be taken to ensure that the correct balance was struck between treating this matter seriously and over-reacting. Colleagues needed to recall that there were many issues which remained unknown.
 
Professor Pattison said that his committee had considered the new information which had become available very carefully and had examined in detail all the possible options. ***The situation was that there were now nine cases of CJD which appeared to be different from classical CJD. There were, in addition, three other possibJe cases. The cases tended to be among the young but varied from those aged 18 to age 41. The new variant CJD showed. an atypical clinical picture with an unknown pathology. This had persuaded SEAC that the variant was distinct. No cases in the UK or abroad had been seen before which matched to this pattern. The Committee had considered the new methods of monitoring the occurrence of the disease and were aware lab techniques had improved, but they bad drawn the conclusion that they could not persuade themselves that it was more careful observation alone which had brought these cases to light.
 
This implied that there might be a new risk factor and in the view of the Committee the most likely explanation was that BSE was that risk factor. To date however the evidence was not available which proved that BSE could be linked to these cases. It appeared to the Committee to be the most likely explanation but they might be wrong. It might, for example, be that the new form had always been present in a low incidence but had remained unreported or there-might be an entirely separate new environmental factor. However, the committee was of the view that the most likely cause was something new in the cattle population in the mid-1980s which was causing something new in the human population in the mid-1990s. This was in their view likely to be exposure to BSE before the introduction of the SBO controls.
 
Professor Pattison noted that it was impossible to predict how many more cases there might be and it might well be eighteen months before the full extent of the problem could be ascertained. A dozen or so might be the limit or it might remain at a relatively low level as in cats and unlike in the cattle population it had not escalated. The cattle epidemic with escalating numbers was probably due to feeding cattle remains back to cattle. This had not happened with cats nor of course with humans.
 
The committee believed it was increasingly impossible to keep this information confidential. Members of the Committee had already had to attend two expert meetings where they had not been able to provide colleagues with the full story. Given the increasingly high risk of a leak it was the Committee's view that a controlled statement by the Government would be more appropriate. The Committee had considered whether extra restrictions on human consumption of beef or beef products would be necessary. They had not concluded that immediate measures were necessary other than to stress the importance of implementing existing controls as nearly perfectly as possible. The Committee would consider again at the weekend what more might be done. ranging from a do nothing option to the slaughter of the national herd.
 
Personally. Professor Pattison did not think that extreme measures would be necessary. In his view the committee was more likely to focus on controls concerning older cattle, together with further controls on mechanically recovered meat. ...snip...end...tss
 
96/03.19/16.2
 
CONFIDENTIAL – POLICY MARKET SENSITIVE - LIMITED DISTRIBUTION
 
 
CONFIDENTIAL – POLICY
 
SEAC
 
Since there were indications that the news was about to break, there was no reason to prevent all members of the Committee joining the meeting in London...
 
 
First nvCJD case in Germany?
 
Germany was last night accused of arrogance over its failure to implement measures to stop the spread of mad cow disease, which now appears to have claimed its first human victim there.
 
Germany to fight mad cow disease
 
Germany delays ban on animal meal in feeds
 
German consumers wary of beef after mad cow scare
 
German consumers wary of beef after mad cow scare
 
 
Subject: DFA 18 Cosmetics...[There have been reports of BSE outbreaks in Germany, France, and even in the U.S.A., a prime market for Jersey cattle]
 
From: "Terry S. Singeltary Sr."
 
Reply-To: Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy
 
Date: Mon, 1 Nov 1999 09:28:04 -0600
 
Content-Type: text/plain
 
Parts/Attachments: Parts/Attachments text/plain (66 lines) Reply Reply
 
Terry S. Singeltary Sr., Bacliff, Texas USA --
 
Greetings, I have been reading over the latest DFA 18, about cosmetics, and the possible route of BSE, through this source. Several interesting comments I find, that have brought several questions in mind, ones in which I have asked before, and still no answer. The CDC refuses to answer any of my questions through their site, and no one else seems to know the answer. Is the U.S.A. considered to be B.S.E. free, by other Countries? I asked this question to Dr. Detwiler, her reply was; "To the best of my knowledge there are no countries in the world which restrict any animals or animal products from the United States due to a risk from BSE. I am not sure if all such countries are using the term BSE free"...
 
The reason in bringing this up, I find several statements in this draft, that pertains to this, statements that I find quite interesting; <http://www.bse.org.uk/dfa/dfa.htm>
 
Page 24, DFA 18, -- "the line taken on cosmetics including sourcing from overseas was based on that given for licensed medicinal products by a group that included Drs. Kimberlin, Watson and Will, as well as other MAFF officials. There is no question that the UK is an "infected area": the only question is whether other countries should be included too. The Licensing Authority, quite reasonably in my view, feels they can only insist on sourcing in Countries where there is no evidence of BSE and the veterinary service and reporting system is adequate to detect it were it is present. Most manufacturers of mainline pharmaceuticals are not risking having to change sources yet again and so are looking to Australasia. If the CVO thinks he has enough evidence, _say concerning the USA_, to persuade the CSM, CDSM etc to advise more strongly against sourcing there too, he should present that evidence in a convincing form and in writing. I do not see this as a matter for our group, since there are statutory responsibilities under the Medicines Act. What we should do is ensure consistent advice is given for those borderline products (like these "cosmetics" with medicinal claims) that currently fall outside that Act."
 
Page 60, DFA 18, cosmetics -- 4. If it is possible for humans to contract "mad cow" disease from cosmetics, the risk is greater from "exotica" products because, unlike soap ingredients, the ingredients are not subject to repeated boiling and some are just merely chilled. MAFF have advised the CTPA that the only safe source is Australasia. Along with other European countries, France and Germany have imported from the UK infected feedstuff and live cattle. There have been reports of BSE outbreaks in Germany and France and _even in the USA_, a prime market for Jersey cattle. The Germans claim that they have "cured" their infected cattle by bathing them in a special dip they have developed but MAFF say there is no magic German cure. The French are masters at suppressing bad news. However, their higher scientific committee has issued "approved BSE guidelines" for French industry to follow. These guidelines cover, amongst other things, cosmetic products and are based on guidelines issued by MAFF. The French have not credited MAFF at all and are touting their guidelines around the Commission.
 
I suppose my question would still be, does the EU, and or all the rest of the European Countries, consider the U.S.A. to be B.S.E. Free?
 
------------------ http://www.uni-karlsruhe.de/~listserv/ -------------------
 
Subject: Re: DFA 18 Cosmetics...[There have been reports of BSE outbreaks in Germany, France, and even in the U.S.A., a prime market for Jersey cattle]
 
From: Roland Heynkes
 
Reply-To: Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy
 
Date: Tue, 2 Nov 1999 00:22:07 +0100
 
Content-Type: text/plain
 
Parts/Attachments: Parts/Attachments text/plain (50 lines) Reply Reply
 
Dear Terry,
 
> Along with other European countries, France and Germany have imported
 
> from the UK infected feedstuff and live cattle.
 
> Imports of british meat bone meal (MBM) does not mean that this has been used for cattle. The Swiss for example did not import british MBM directly, but got it via Germany, France, Belgium and other countries. Within Germany the MBM has been used for pigs and chicken, but at least normally not for cattle. In Germany it was not illegal, but unusual to have MBM in food stuff for cattle.
 
> There have been reports of BSE outbreaks in Germany and France and
 
> _even in the USA_, a prime market for Jersey cattle.
 
> There have been reports of aliens on earth too and of course Bill Clinton must be one of them. But there is no real evidence for the aliens and BSE in the USA.
 
> The Germans claim that they have "cured" their infected cattle by
 
> bathing them in a special dip they have developed but MAFF say there is
 
> no magic German cure.
 
> Which Germans claimed this nonsense? In my opinion this statement is nonsense and nothing else. Nobody in Germany tried to cure BSE infected cows. All reported cases have been destroyed with there whole herds.
 
> The French are masters at suppressing bad news.
 
> However, their higher scientific committee has issued "approved BSE
 
> guidelines" for French industry to follow. These guidelines cover,
 
> amongst other things, cosmetic products and are based on guidelines
 
> issued by MAFF. The French have not credited MAFF at all and are touting
 
> their guidelines around the Commission.
 
> This is nationalism, not worth to think about it.
 
> I suppose my question would still be, does the EU, and or all the
 
> rest of the European Countries, consider the U.S.A. to be B.S.E. Free?
 
> Nobody can consider the USA or any other country to be free of BSE with absolute certainity. But until now there is no evidence for BSE in the USA and no reason to think that there must be more BSE in the USA then in Australasia.
 
best regards
 
Roland
 
------------------ http://www.uni-karlsruhe.de/~listserv/ -------------------
 
Subject: Re: DFA 18 Cosmetics...[There have been reports of BSEoutbreaks in Germany, France, and even in the U.S.A.,a prime market for Jersey cattle]
 
From: "Terry S. Singeltary Sr."
 
Reply-To: Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy
 
Date: Tue, 2 Nov 1999 11:49:56 -0600
 
Content-Type: text/plain
 
Parts/Attachments: Parts/Attachments text/plain (117 lines) Reply Reply
 
Hello Roland, thanks for the reply, I have a few comments and questions;
 

 
> Does Germany feed the by-products of pork and poultry to cattle? What are your feelings on this practice, (do you feel that the prion protein can survive the digestinal tract)?
 

 
> I have seen no aliens, and as far as Bill Clinton, I thought this forum was for BSE. As far as real evidence of BSE in the USA, there is no real evidence of anything with TSE's, other than you die, but there are a few items to suggest this. Why are you so sure, there is not a BSE type disease in US cattle? Also what if CWD or TME were to have entered the food chain somehow, sometime back?
 
 
 
 
(1986-1988) Marsh and Harsough report that they suspect a scrapie-like disease of cattle in the USA.
 
 
Could it be something different than the U.K. strain?
 
 
 
 
I agree.
 
 
I also agree.
 

 
> I disagree, partly for the above reasons in the URL's, and also for the fact, the US has only checked, as of Aug. 1999, 8,400 cattle brains for BSE in the U.S., from 1,250,880,700 raised in the U.S. since 1990. 100,000 Downers annually. With the feeding practices and the rendering practices before the Aug. 4, 1997 partial ban of by-products in the U.S. mirroring that of the U.K.'s, the 950 scrapie infected flocks of sheep, as of Aug. 1999. It would seem to me, that there is a good chance of some strain of TSE, to be in the U.S. cattle population. But, gut feeling, I think that a good portion of the deaths from sporadic CJD in the U.S., has come from Surgery's. At least, that is what I think killed my Mom hvCJD, and many more. But who know's? I'm still looking...
 
Kind Regards, Terry S. Singeltary SR., Bacliff, Texas USA
 
snip...end...tss
 
 > > ------------------ http://www.uni-karlsruhe.de/~listserv/ -------------------
 
------------------ http://www.uni-karlsruhe.de/~listserv/ -------------------
 
August 21-28, 1988
 
To be published in the Proceedings of the Fourth International Scientific Congress in Fur Animal Production. Toronto, Canada, August 21-28, 1988
 
Evidence That Transmissible Mink Encephalopathy Results from Feeding Infected Cattle
 
R.F. Marsh* and G.R. Hartsough
 
•Department of Veterinary Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706; and ^Emba/Creat Lakes Ranch Service, Thiensville, Wisconsin 53092
 
ABSTRACT
 
Epidemiologic investigation of a new incidence of transmissible mink encephalopathy (TME) in Stetsonville, Wisconsin suggests that the disease may have resulted from feeding infected cattle to mink. This observation is supported by the transmission of a TME-like disease to experimentally inoculated cattle, and by the recent report of a new bovine spongiform encephalopathy in England.
 
snip...
 
OBSERVATIONS AND RESULTS
 
A New Incidence of TME. In April of 1985, a mink rancher in Stetsonville, Wisconsin reported that many of his mink were “acting funny”, and some had died. At this time, we visited the farm and found that approximately 10% of all adult mink were showing typical signs of TME: insidious onset characterized by subtle behavioral changes, loss of normal habits of cleanliness, deposition of droppings throughout the pen rather than in a single area, hyperexcitability, difficulty in chewing and swallowing, and tails arched over their _backs like squirrels. These signs were followed by progressive deterioration of neurologic function beginning with locomoior incoordination, long periods of somnolence in which the affected mink would stand motionless with its head in the corner of the cage, complete debilitation, and death.
 
Over the next 8-10 weeks, approximately 40% of all the adult mink on the farm died from TME.
 
***Since previous incidences of TME were associated with common or shared feeding practices, we obtained a careful history of feed ingredients used over the past 12-18 months.
 
***The rancher was a “dead stock” feeder using mostly (>95%) downer or dead dairy cattle and a few horses. Sheep had never been fed.***
 
snip...end
 
 
Subject: Re: BSE in Germany as a topic at a veterinary conference
 
From: Roland Heynkes
 
Reply-To: Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy
 
Date: Thu, 2 Nov 2000 10:44:15 +0100
 
Content-Type: text/plain
 
Parts/Attachments: Parts/Attachments text/plain (93 lines) Reply Reply
 
######### Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy #########
 
Dear all,
 
> BSE in Germany will be the topic of a session of the upcoming
 
> Bavarian Veterinary Congress next May. I certainly don't consider
 
> myself an expert in the field, and I confess that I simply don't have
 
> the time to read through all of the postings of this list. Still I'm
 
> asking for your help.
 
> > I plan to present a paper titled "Critical questions with regard to
 
> BSE in Germany".
 
> I welcome it that it is possible that "BSE in Germany" will be the topic of a session of the upcoming Bavarian Veterinary Congress. Furthermore I wish Prof. Klee all the best for his investigation and his lecture.
 
But as a seriously thinking scientist considering himself not as an expert in the field of BSE-risk research he suggested among his professional colleagues, to invite me as a speaker about this questions which obviously have been my special interest for many years. For me somewhat surprising they initially accepted his proposal and so he asked me to speak in Munich.
 
I have to confess that I felt not very comfortable with this idea, because I am always arguing against such conferences and because I already published most of my kowledge about this special topic on my site. In addition I knew that giving a lecture at a veterinary congress would mean, that I would have been very alone against perhaps hundreds of vets which do not love me for what I publish. I was not really enthusiastic expecting extremely critical and even aggressive questions and comments.
 
But after an email and a telephon call from Prof. Klee I accepted his kind invitation. And now, not really surprizing but disappointing me, Prof. Klee had to tell me that some of his professional colleagues do not want me to speak on their conference. They even were not too ashamed to ask him to cancel my invitation.
 
You can believe me that I am not really unhappy that I will not have to discuss with such incorrigible down players. But I am extremely frustrated about what this means for the attitude of mind about BSE among those German vets, who are expected - or perhaps somewhat more realistic - officially would have to report German BSE cases. I am afraid now more than ever, that this might not always happen to say the least.
 
To this distressing picture fits the fact that the ministry for agriculture in North Rhine Westfalia started a so called information campaign with the aim to ensure the public that German and of course especially the meat of North Rhine Westfalia is still the safest in the world. Sorry, british members, I know that this must sound almost too familiar to you, but it seems that every government thinks like this. Interesting with this information campaign is the fact that it is full of unbelievable factual mistakes which demonstrate that it was produced by people who are extremely bad informed about the simple facts. This is somewhat surprizing, because they have a vey well informed expert there and knew that they always could ask me or Prof. Riesner who sits in Duesseldorf like they do. But they did not only produce this very poor information (By the way, it was produced by a journalist). In addition they decided not to put any link to Internet sites with warnings about BSE risks, although there are a lot of links on this site. www.pro-nrw.de
 
Therefore I am bound to say that we obviously have in Germany of the year 2000 still exactly that climate of secrecy which was just criticized by the inquiry's final report. There are still authorities and vets who are not prepared to communicate risks to the public. They still do their very "best" to exclude critical and independent scientists from the discussion. They even do not want to discuss with the probably only independent German expert for BSE safety problems within a closed circle of vets. Instead they prefer to have a Veterinary Congress about BSE safety problems without any expert who could tell them what they do not want to hear. We can only hope that they will not cancel the invitation of Prof. Klee as well.
 
So it may well be that the idea of beeing so allone only with a few hundreds of professional colleagues against me, the cruel vet eater, created panic atacks for some of them. But I can't restrain myself to increase their slight physical discomfort somewhat further. I think that other EU member states and the EU commission should know what happens in Germany with regard to BSE-risk-awareness and risk communication and I just informed the leading BSE/CJD expert in the German parliament. Now I am very excited about what German journalists think about this scandal.
 
I hope that you understand that I am not going to investigate the question of Prof. Klee, which would be really time consuming. Of course I am interested in this questions too, but I would not really like it to collect the data for a lecture which I am not allowed to hold.
 
kind regards
 
Roland
 
 
Subject: Re: Baby food in Germany
 
From: Roland Heynkes
 
Reply-To: Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy
 
Date: Mon, 6 Nov 2000 22:16:09 +0100
 
Content-Type: text/plain
 
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######### Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy #########
 
Dear Kelly,
 
> I had written a letter to Hipp, a main manufacturer of baby food in Germany
 
> a few months ago and have finally received a response from Dr. Holger
 
> Kukral from Hipp.
 
> this sounds good, but he did not really answer all of your questions.
 
> 4. What type of slaughtering procedures are used on cattle designated for
 
> your products? Are the cattle slaughtered with or without bolt pistol and
 
> pithing? Or is electrical stunning used?
 
> Answer: The animals are slaughtered in accordance with the provisions of
 
> the Animal Protection Law and the provisions of the EU Order on Organic
 
> Farming, separately from animals that do not come from organic farms.
 
> Therefore I think that the use stunning and pithing as it is normal in Germany. This is of course no problem when the animals really do not have BSE.
 
> 5. What types of beef are used in the baby foods? Is there any use of
 
> organs or tissues besides pure muscle beef in your products (ie. Brain,
 
> spinal cord, spleen etc)? In France for example on 10 April 1996 under the
 
> : Decree no. 96-307, baby food.. and the nutritional supplements destined
 
> for human nutrition cannot be made, imported or sold...if they contain
 
> tissue at risk from bovine origin. These tissues considered at risk are
 
> those from the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord), intestines
 
> etc. Is there a similar policy regarding the ban of certain bovine
 
> materials for baby food in operation in Germany and/or at Hipp?
 
> Answer: Only muscle meat is used. Offal is not processed. As in France, the
 
> regulations in Germany are that the use of these special tissues is not
 
> permitted.
 
> In Germany the use of these special tissues was permitted until recently. Only the EC-decision 2000/418 from 29.6.2000 stopped this from 1.10.2000 on. This does of course not mean that baby food producers used these tissues.
 
> 6. Finally, besides beef, I am also wondering about the feeding policies
 
> and origin of the chickens and turkeys that are used in your products.
 
> Answer: Our chicken and turkey meat also comes from organically kept birds.
 
> This means that the birds must be kept in a way appropriate for their
 
> species, are allowed space to run around and have the opportunity to behave
 
> as appropriate for their species (e.g. sand baths).
 
> This does not say anything about the feed.
 
> The letter continues "In addition to our comprehensive tests, we also use
 
> the latest technical analytical facilities to make sure that there is no
 
> trace of BSE by means of additional monitoring."
 
> I wonder what this might mean. I have no idea how one could achieve this.
 
> So, that was the letter.... I didn't find my answer to question 6) as to
 
> what the chicken and turkey receive as feed in Germany/Hipp. Roland, what
 
> happened to the 12000 tons of MBM imported from Britain? Was it fed/being
 
> fed to non-ruminants? In France as of 1996 some measures were taken for
 
> non-ruminant feed. Basically, organs and tissues of ruminants identified as
 
> a potential risk are not recycled for non-ruminant feed (pig, chicken,
 
> fish), but are instead incinerated. And also as of 1996 the incorporation
 
> of animal carcasses is forbidden. In addition, a second level of security
 
> calls for a thermal treatment of 133 C during 20 min under 3 bars of
 
> pressure for feed intended for non-ruminants (decision 96/449 frin July 18 > 1996).
 
> I am of course no detective and therefore I cannot say what happened to British MBM in Germany. But from Swiss investigations I know that some of this MBM was sold to other countries. Some of the British MBM was used for German feed for pigs, chicken and fish. Because until now all German federal governments argued that there is no BSE in Germany and that we therefore don't need any measurements, we did nothave such measurements. What we have are exactly the mesurements that we were forced to introduce by the EU, mainly 99/534 and 2000/418.
 
> Does anyone (Roland?) know what the situation is in Germany for non- > ruminants? Are chickens/turkeys fed MBM? Is it also the case with organic > birds, and are you aware whether the SRM's are allowed in their feed? I am > hoping that the same minimal precations are taken as in France. Especially > in respect to baby food. > We do not have so many turkeys, but chickens are fed with MBM. Organic birds does not mean anything. There are certain organizations like Demeter or Bioland with special regulations, which exclude potentially dangerous feeds. But what exactly is allowed or forbidden, depends on the organization.
 
A main problem in Germany is that it is extremely difficult to get information. Beside my own site there are no Internet sites where you can find descriptions of what is allowed or not. Our authorities still have to learn very much from British, French and Swiss authorities.
 
All the best,
 
Roland
 
 
Subject: Germany rues 'complacency' over BSE testing strategy
 
From: "Terry S. Singeltary Sr."
 
Reply-To: Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy
 
Date: Thu, 30 Nov 2000 11:46:08 -0800
 
Content-Type: text/plain
 
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######### Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy #########
 
Greetings List Members,
 
you see what happens to a country that INSISTS on being BSE Free. The U.S. should take heed. Even a small country such as Germany over the past 10 years has checked more cattle for BSE than that of the U.S. in 10 years. and to magnify this, compare the number of cattle raised in the two countries. Somebody needs to start using common sense instead of this 'fuzzy math'. you see, the TSE agent knows no math.
 
kind regards, Terry S. Singeltary Sr., Bacliff, Texas USA
 
NATURE
 
November 30, 2000
 
Germany rues 'complacency' over BSE testing strategy
 
ALISON ABBOTT AND QUIRIN SCHIERMEIER
 
[MUNICH] The German government has been prompted to order extensive tests on cows following the identification last week of two cases of BSE (bovine spongiform encephalopathy) in German-born cattle. Within the next few weeks it should learn whether these cases represent only the tip of an iceberg.
 
Many scientists fear that the true extent of the disease may have been hidden. Germany had declared itself 'BSE-free', largely because its farmers have not traditionally fed their cattle on the blood and bone-meal that are thought to have sparked the crisis in Britain.
 
The precautions taken have therefore not been as rigorous as in other countries. When Britain banned the use of bone-meal as feed in all farm animals, for example, Germany banned its use only in cattle, allowing it to continue in pigs and poultry.
 
Moreover, Germany has only carried out BSE tests on animals showing symptoms of central nervous system disturbance — there have been around 15,000 such tests in the past ten years.
 
The federal government has now called for testing of all cattle at high risk of developing BSE, including those dying of unknown causes. Such cases average 66,000 per year. Cattle slaughtered over the age of 30 months might also be added to the list, because older cattle have a higher risk of accumulating the infectious prions thought to cause the disease.
 
In the wake of last week's discovery, some scientists say that German complacency was misplaced. Hans Kretzschmar, a prion expert at the University of Munich, and a member of an ad hoc group of experts called on occasionally to advise the government, regrets that scientific advice on the matter was not institutionalized in Germany. "There was a feeling that Germany could never be affected by BSE, so a standing advisory committee would not be necessary," he says.
 
"But when an animal born in Germany in 1996 contracts BSE, even though the use of blood and bone-meal was banned in cattle in 1994, you start to wonder what can be believed, Kretzschmar says. He warns that variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease, the human form of BSE, may now arrive in Germany.
 
"We have been too complacent in assuming that Germany was immune," says Reinhard Kurth, head of the Robert Koch Institute, the government agency that researches into infectious diseases. Kurth regrets what he sees as the general lack of a sound scientific basis in dealing with BSE issues.
 
 
 
Subject: BSE GERMANY -- "The killed animals will be destroyed in a rendering plant." ???
 
From: "Terry S. Singeltary Sr." flounder@WT.NET
 
Reply-To: Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy BSE-L@UNI-KARLSRUHE.DE
 
Date: Tue, 26 Dec 2000 11:51:49 –0800
 
Content-Type: text/plain Parts/Attachments: Parts/Attachments text/plain (25 lines)
 
Reply Reply
 
######### Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy #########
 
Greetings again list members,
 
In Germany, if i am understanding this document correctly, (the confirmed BSE numbers seem to be outdated, to date, in this posting from oie), it seems they destroy BSE infected cattle in rendering plants.
 
my thoughts would be, this would be very careless, and could possibly leave the infectious agent to be left to 'cross-contaminate'.
 
is this the normal thing to do, in all countries???
 
> Control measures:
 
> - The killed animals will be destroyed in a rendering plant.
 
 
thank you, Terry S. Singeltary Sr., Bacliff Texas USA
 
 
Subject: Re: BSE GERMANY -- "The killed animals will be destroyed in a rendering plant." ???
 
From: Roland Heynkes
 
Reply-To: Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy
 
Date: Tue, 26 Dec 2000 21:26:39 +0100
 
Content-Type: text/plain
 
Parts/Attachments: Parts/Attachments text/plain (28 lines) Reply Reply
 
######### Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy #########
 
Dear Terry,
 
> In Germany, if i am understanding this document correctly,
 
> (the confirmed BSE numbers seem to be outdated, to date,
 
> in this posting from oie), it seems they destroy BSE infected
 
> cattle in rendering plants.
 
> Jan Braakmann always has the actual numbers.
 
> my thoughts would be, this would be very careless, and could
 
> possibly leave the infectious agent to be left to
 
> 'cross-contaminate'.
 
> I always warned German authorities not to destroy German BSE cattle within rendering plants. But now German meat-bone-meal and animal fat become neither exported, nor used in any normal farm animal feed. At the moment, just because we have winter, they also are not used as fertilizers. In addition , the German MAFF is going to prepare a new law that will ban animal waste from fertilizers. Therefore they produce meat-bone-meal only in order to get something that burns well.
 
kind regards
 
Roland
 
 
Subject: Re: EU Commission Report Criticizes Feed Production in Bavaria
 
From: Roland Heynkes
 
Reply-To: Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy
 
Date: Tue, 26 Dec 2000 21:08:57 +0100
 
Content-Type: text/plain
 
Parts/Attachments: Parts/Attachments text/plain (39 lines) Reply Reply
 
######### Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy #########
 
Dear Terry,
 
> sometimes things just happen in cyber-space.
 
> even your messages come out garbled on my end sometime.
 
> may be it is problem with your email client. If you transfer one of your garbled emails into an external editor, you might be able to see that there is a wrong end of line code. I think it is ASCII code 11 instead of ASCII code 13 plus 10. The problem should be solved if you delete each end of line and reformat the text within the email client.
 
> Kurth warned against the danger of blood donations helping the
 
> spread of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, the human form of mad cow
 
> disease.
 
> Prof Kurth is no prion scientist, but produced intelligent and careful statements about BSE/CJD-risks during recent years. But other chiefs of important German governmental research institutes (non-prion-scientists, but scientific advisers of the government) became aware of important risk factors only during the last weeks. They obviously did not read the FSA report and of course not my articles.
 
> German officials said Sunday they had detected another case of
 
> suspected mad cow disease, raising the number of suspected or
 
> confirmed cases to nine.
 
> You should not only count all suspections, but also see when they are not confirmed. Until now we have five confirmed cases and one very likely, but not finally confirmed case in addition to the six imported cases.
 
kind regards,
 
Roland
 
 
Subject: Re: Fwd: Re: risks of BSE to US, Canada, Germany, ...
 
From: Roland Heynkes
 
Reply-To: Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy
 
Date: Thu, 28 Dec 2000 03:06:55 +0100
 
Content-Type: text/plain
 
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######### Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy #########
 
Robert,
 
my position did not change a millimetre.
 
>>> "New Scientist 10.6.00 What Mad Cows? The editorial
 
>>> explaining how the European Commission decided that
 
>>> some countries are really harbouring some BSE and yet
 
>>> have not reported any cases. It says just why countries
 
>>> are determined not to find any.
 
> >> in BSE-L and on my Internet site I repeatedly explained
 
>> that we have very poor measurements to prevent the spread
 
>> of imported TSE-infectivity in Germany. But until now there
 
>> is no proof for hidden BSE in Germany. Therefore in my
 
>> opinion no commision can decide that this country is really
 
>> harbouring some BSE.
 
> This was absolutely correct at that time, because even the SSC did not find a single German BSE case until then. It was my position that we were likely to have BSE, but that it was wrong to say that we had BSE. This was simply the only scientific founded position and therefore correct.
 
>>> For instance Germany imported 13000 British cattle at the
 
>>> height of the British epidemic, plus 1200 tonnes of UK
 
>>> MBM and the figures for Spain and Italy were similar. Again,
 
>>> some of the offal from these cattle were fed to local
 
>>> animals without adequate pressure cooking. Spain, Germany
 
>>> and Italy have all refused EC requests to remove high
 
>>> risk tissue from human diets after insisting that they >>> are BSE free.
 
> >> Unfortunately this is true and I unsuccessfully tried to
 
>> explain this to the responcible politicians in Berlin.
 
>> But 13000 imported British cattle and 1200 tonnes of UK
 
>> MBM are not simply comparable with the same amounts staying
 
>> in the UK. As far as I know it German farmers mainly imported
 
>> cattle races like Galloways, Angus and other extensive races.
 
>> Although 5 of our 6 reported BSE cases had been Galloways,
 
>> this race was at a much lower risk in the UK. Therefore it
 
>> is not correct to extrapolate from the whole UK BSE incidence
 
>> to the incidence among this 13000 imported cattle.
 
>> In addition it seems to be an important factor, that we do
 
>> not use Phosmet in Germany. Nobody can quantify this factor,
 
>> but I think that this may be a main reason for the irritating
 
>> fact that we have so few BSE cases in Germany.
 
>> The imported British MBM had little effect in Germany, because
 
>> it was simply not feed to German cattle. It was sold to other
 
>> countries like Switzerland or mixed into food for German pigs,
 
>> chicken and farm fish. Therefore we "only" had the problem
 
>> of cross contamination within the feed mills.
 
> And what is wrong with this position or ddifferent from what I wrote more recently? I think you simply have to accept that reallity is somewhat more complicated than you like it. My position was and is that I try to understand as many factors as possible regardless what that might mean for my or your hypotheses or intentions and that I hate oversimplifications.
 
>>> The EC simply says that passive surveillance (i.e. allowing
 
>>> the farmers to report the cases) would not pick up the cases
 
>>> adequately. (Ed - a good example is the testing of 40,000
 
>>> cattle in France, which is going on currently. If they are
 
>>> only expecting to find a similar number to the 89 cases of
 
>>> 10 million cattle in the country then that represents around
 
>>> one animal in 100,000 symptomatic and around one in 30,000
 
>>> including asymptomatic adults. Therefore they should find
 
>>> just one cow in their 40,000 if they are lucky.
 
> >> The Swiss active surveillance has shown that this calculation
 
>> is not correct. Active surveillance of course identifies more
 
>> cases than reporting from farmers or vets. But I agree that
 
>> even 40.000 tests are not very much.
 
>> What I cannot agree with is the often repeated statement that
 
>> we have had only passive surveillance in Germany. We should
 
>> not forget that we performed more than 3000 Prionics tests
 
>> on symptome-free cattle in Nordrhein-Westfalen and that all
 
>> German cattle with neurological signs become tested by the
 
>> Groschup surveillance group in Tuebingen.
 
> Ok, we had not 3000, but 5029 Prionics tests in North-Rhine-Westfalia. And they did not really test all cattle with neurological signs in Tuebingen, but only said so. But they tested about 2000 of such animals in Tuebingen and many more in different states. Therefore my statement that we had not only a passive surveillance system in Germany was correct, although I did not get absolutely correct information. And my prediction that they would find more than 1 BSE case with 40.000 tests in France was very correct. Remember I did not state that everything was wonderful in Germany. You should perhaps read what I wrote and not what you felt about what I wrote.
 
>>> A draft has been put on the Web to collect comments from
 
>>> researchers and government experts.
 
> >> This is only a public relations trick. I already wasted my
 
>> time with comments to a former SSC draft. I never got any
 
>> answer.
 
> And why is this statement different from what I write now?
 
> Your position has changed markedly since this post in June, Roland!
 
> Not at all. Your examples show no change in my positions.
 
> Perhaps now it is apparent why government officials have also
 
> changed their stances over relatively short periods of time.
 
> In sharp contrast to you I am well informed about the positions of many German politicians, authorities and scientists and I know where they changed. Most of them did not change their positions, but only had to follow political pressure. Only five things really changed and the reasons for that are simple and clear:
 
1) The consumption of meet decreased significantly first because of the BSE crisis in France.
 
2) In order to reassure the consumers, many German butchers started to test their cattle with the Prionics Check and increased the presure on other butchers to do the same. At the end the government had to follow the facts.
 
3) As a consequence of testing we got our first German BSE cases.
 
4) It became impossible to argue with the BSE-free-status according to OIE and therefore authorities had to introduce measurements against BSE-infections.
 
5) Only this political activities, not interest in public health, made BSE interesting for the media and their pressure made it possible for unwelcome critics like Byrne and me to make their positions public.
 
By the way, it would be very naiv to believe that the MAFF people changed their main positions. They are still in a battle with the ministry of health and the end is open.
 
Roland
 
 
Subject: Re: GERMANY--Government May Order BSE Tests for Sheep
 
From: Roland Heynkes
 
Reply-To: Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy
 
Date: Sun, 31 Dec 2000 10:28:27 +0100
 
Content-Type: text/plain
 
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######### Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy #########
 
Hello Terry,
 
> we understand you are under a lot of pressure about
 
> your Country's stupidity to TSEs. We have same problem.
 
> are you now speaking for the whole list?
 
> but you don't have to be disrespectful.
 
> not only to me, but others.
 
> You were the one who was disrespectful, when you answered my detailed description of the new German measurements with a totally unfounded suspicion about my motives.
 
> this seems to be a big problem with you.
 
> i have always respected your science.
 
> but you are not a very nice person.
 
> I am a nice person for my friends and even for most people who I do not know. But I see no reason to keep smiling whereas you are trying to accuse me of a conspiration with our ministers, instead of arguing against my arguments. And I repeated my arguments and you are still not prepared to argue. Therefore you are the impudent person and it is quit normal that this makes my angry. How would you react when I would claim that you must be paid by your governmnt for beeing quiet about your mothers dead, just because you did not post anything about this for 14 days? It is always the same with you. First everything within the UK was bad, then it was France although they only made more tests than others, and now Germany is the center of the hell. You always argue against the countries after they improved BSE-measurements.
 
> you should try loosing your chip on shoulder.
 
> Would probably help your science.
 
> the pressure can be seen.
 
> you should take a chill pill, the worst is yet to come for you.
 
> I think you describe your own problem, with the exception of science of course. You are one of the most unfriendly members of this list, you totally ignore understandable wishes like those of Oz and you attacked me personally instead of discussing about my arguments. You are the problem.
 
> you said "but now we have the best in the world" >
 
> I was just afraid you had started to sound like the
 
> French;
 
> Indeed you are always afraid about sounds instead of rationally analysing what people actually write. And it is always "the French" or "the Germans". I have no problem to sound like for example Vincent Dedet or Prof. Brugere- Picoux or Mark Barbier in this list. French is still not a synonym for mad.
 
> no need to continue to debate this with me,
 
> you make no sense now, loose the chip on
 
> your shoulder, and we can then debate
 
> human/animal TSE, and BSE in Germany
 
> and elsewhere around the globe, even in
 
> U.S., when they start looking...
 
> I am not at all interested in further debates with you. I am interested in facts, arguments and discussion and one needs an open mind for this.
 
> The Welt am Sonntag newspaper quoted Byrne as criticizing Funke for long
 
> saying Germany had no BSE problem despite that report.
 
> ``I just cannot explain such a statement,'' Byrne said. ``There are > presumably many motivations, but I would not like to speculate about > them.'' > -------------
 
> sure there are many motivations, i just don't think the Germans are > that stupid, so what other reason would there have been ??? COVER-UP > AND LIES for Industry. same as everywhere else.
 
> > someone needs to 'learn and understand'
 
> Everybody who is interested to argue honestly, knows that I repeatedly argued within this list against this "Germany has no BSE problem". For years I have been one of only very few who said in public that there was no proof for that. I described on my site in detail why this statement was wrong. Therefore I am not the one who needs to learn something about this.
 
> it looks as if Germany did not to date, one can only hope for furture.
 
> It is absolutely nonsense to claim that Germany did not learn from the mistakes of the past. One has to be as blind as Terry to think so instead of beeing happy about what improved this year. Whereas we are working hard in order to stop all German TSE amplification mechanisms and transmission pathways and whereas we are reorganizing our political and scientific risk communication structures, he is only concerned about the sound of my words - possibilities to misunderstand me. This is sick.
 
> German Minister Admits Mistakes in Mad Cow Scare
 
> > BERLIN (Reuters) - German Agriculture Minister Karl-Heinz Funke
 
> admitted mistakes on Saturday in his country's reaction to mad cow
 
> disease as a European Union (news - web sites) official criticized him
 
> for ignoring warnings earlier in the year.
 
> Ministers do not admit mistakes every day.
 
> ``Had we known earlier what we now know, my colleagues and I on a
 
> European level should have pushed ahead with a Europe-wide ban on
 
> animal feed earlier,'' Funke told German radio.
 
> Of course he could have known earlier and could now know more, but he is now in serious problems because of this and only tries to hold his job. This is quit normal and does make the improvements smaller.
 
> Yet in an interview released on Saturday, European Union food safety
 
> commissioner David Byrne said the EU had already distributed a
 
> scientific study last March warning of the possibility of BSE in
 
> Germany.
 
> This is correct and there were such warnings from several German experts much earlier.
 
> The Welt am Sonntag newspaper quoted Byrne as criticizing Funke for long
 
> saying Germany had no BSE problem despite that report.
 
> > ``I just cannot explain such a statement,'' Byrne said. ``There are
 
> presumably many motivations, but I would not like to speculate about
 
> them.''
 
> It was indeed a mistake of Funke and his ministry to react only on scientifically proven dangers, not already on plausible risks. But this is not really far away from what Byrnes still does. The reason for this is simple. They were afraid to run into trouble by causing costs for the industry without reliable scientific foundation.
 
> In another interview with the online edition of the weekly news magazine
 
> Der Spiegel, Funke said Germany had tested 19,000 cattle brains between
 
> 1991 and 1999 without finding a single case of BSE.
 
> This is not true and will be investigated. But this is a misinformation which the minister got from his ministry. The German chancellor already said that such mistakes will have serious consequences next year. He just introduced something like the British Inquiry and said that there will be fundamental reorganizations of several ministries.
 
> ``In early 2000, we did not count on BSE cases in Germany,'' he said,
 
> adding that experts had been seeking more hard data after the EU report.
 
> > Consumer groups and others have stepped up criticism of the government
 
> in recent weeks for its handling of the mad cow scare, saying it had
 
> reacted too late to expert advice to introduce nationwide BSE testing.
 
> This is correct, but only Switzerland and France did test more and now there is no country testing as intensive as Germany. Until December the German government was very ignorant, but then it was forced to react and did this very fast and efficiently. Many mistakes have been made in the past, but most of them are already corrected and the rest will be corrected soon. It is therefore somewhat unlogical to criticize just now the German BSE-safety situation and governmental actions. But it was exactly the same when the UK and France improved their measurements. Whereas people like Terry now react hysterical on 7 German BSE cases and the results of our now intensified controls, they do not see the bigger BSE problems in Poland, Czechia, Slovakia and other European countries. I argue against such overreactions, because I do not want governments to be afraid to discuss problems openly. It is no good situation when the reactions on test results become a more serious problem than the disease itself.
 
> Funke said this week he wanted to widen testing to include sheep and
 
> called for a European Union plan to examine the possibility that sheep
 
> could be linked to mad cow disease.
 
> We should not use too much time and money for a BSE in sheep investigation. We should just test for scrapie and eradicate all variants of the disease.
 
regards,
 
Roland
 
 
Subject: Re: SV: GERMANY--Government May Order BSE Tests for Sheep
 
From: Roland Heynkes
 
Reply-To: Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy
 
Date: Sun, 31 Dec 2000 12:10:53 +0100
 
Content-Type: text/plain
 
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######### Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy #########
 
Dear Karin,
 
> "For _practical reasons_ and taking into account the present technical
 
> limits of detection as well as a risk analyses based on present knowledge,
 
> the SSC considers that levels of cross-contamination of ruminant feeds with
 
> mammalian meat-and-bone meal - derived from raw materials sourced and
 
> processed according to the conditions laid down in the SSC's opinion on the
 
> safety of MBM - which exceeds 0.50% MBM (or 0.15% animal bone fragments or
 
> 0.25% proteins, whichever is the lowest) should be condemned."
 
> > This has been interpreted by several countries as "it is OK" as long as
 
> cross contaminations do not exceed 0,5%. There have been cross
 
> contaminations probably in all European countries and, according to the SSC:
 
> "most European feed production systems are of a mixed type, meaning that in
 
> 90% of cases the same facilities and the same conveying systems are used for
 
> the production of feed for both ruminants and monogastrics".
 
> it is indeed one of our major problems now, that not all German countries had a zero tolerance policy against cross contamination. Now this is no longer a problem, because no German feed mill uses MBM, blood products or animal fat.
 
> In my opinion, avoiding cross-contaminations by so-called "appropriate
 
> measures" will not work in such conditions, only complete separation of
 
> manufacturing and transport for monogastric feeds and ruminant feeds will
 
> avoid cross-contaminations. This is what they do in Ireland, where they have
 
> 122 feed manufacturers of which only 2 are allowed to make feeds containing
 
> MBM for pigs and poultry (they exported most of their MBM, they will have to
 
> burn it now).
 
> I think that even separation on the production and transport level is not enough, because cross contamination is also possible within the farms.
 
> Also remember that gelatin and blood meal was still allowed in many
 
> countries (even countries where pithing was allowed).
 
> Animal fat is also still allowed in most countries so that we now have the problem that imported feedstuff can include risk material that has been banned in Germany.
 
> All European countries have had a ban against mammalian MBM for
 
> ruminants, but this may have been only slightly better than no ban
 
> at all: if normal inclusion of MBM in ruminant feeds before the ban
 
> was 3-5% and they have considered as "OK" to have a cross contamination
 
> of 0,3 to 0,5%, the difference is only a factor 10 in cross-contaminated
 
> batches. And this cross-contamination has been going on for many years,
 
> even before the formal bans in 1990-1994 in countries such as Austria,
 
> Germany or Norway, where MBM was "never voluntarily" included in
 
> ruminant feeds.
 
> I am not so sure that MBM has never been voluntarily included in German ruminant feeds. But the ban against mammalian MBM for ruminants was not only slightly better than no ban at all in the UK. It was not complete and should have been better, but it had a dramatic effect on the British BSE numbers.
 
> The situation would be even worse in non European countries such as the USA,
 
> where SRM are not removed, heat treatments are lower than 133 degrees/3 bar. > BSE or any other TSE would easily be recycled if present, and the very
 
> delayed US ban (1997) concerns only ruminant MBM, not mammalian MBM.
 
> It would be interesting to know more about the situation of the eastern European countries, which imported most of the German meat-and-bone-meal and perhaps large amounts of British MBM.
 
> When will the USA start removing SRM ? Will they ever start a serious active
 
> surveillance ? The USA will have an increasing problem of credibility, as
 
> importing countries maybe start to read the SSC risk assessment for the USA.
 
> The problem is that the US beef industry has no problem with BSE at the moment. Only when the government introduces risk measurements this will produce costs. When they perform a BSE screening with one of the evaluated tests, they will probably find cases and the US beef industry will run into a serious crisis. They have to decide between waiting and hoping or finishing completely the recycling of animal wastes despite massive protests from the industry in order to reduce the risk of extermination of the whole beef industry. If a government becomes active, it will have serious problems. If it waits, the first BSE case may hurt the next president.
 
> First of all they have to start looking for scrapie, and I
 
> really hope they will develop/use methods for detection in blood or
 
> intestines or other tissues in early incubation. What is happening with the
 
> Schmerr test ? Does any of you know if Prionics or CEA or any other
 
> BSE-rapid test method has been really validated for active surveillance in
 
> sheep populations ? There was also a tonsil test and an eyelid-test, what
 
> happened to those, are they used, and if so where ?
 
> I think that the German authorities will simply use the Prionics test for a scrapie surveillance early in next year. Probably the Lelystad tonsil test would be better, but it seems to be not available commercially.
 
Best regards, Roland
 
 
Subject: Re: SV: GERMANY--Government May Order BSE Tests for Sheep
 
From: Roland Heynkes
 
Reply-To: Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy
 
Date: Mon, 1 Jan 2001 11:57:18 +0100
 
Content-Type: text/plain
 
Parts/Attachments: Parts/Attachments text/plain (63 lines) Reply Reply
 
######### Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy #########
 
Dear Tom,
 
>>> government testing of
 
>>> lyodura is needed to determine the species of origin in material used for
 
>>> human implantation.
 
> >> I think the Japanese should do that But this
 
>> is a compensation problem between Braun Melsungen and the victims.
 
> > Yes but it is important for global policy on scrapie to know that it
 
> transmits to humans. Countries like the UK, Canada, and US are awash
 
> in scrapie and there is no real effort to keep it out of the human
 
> food supply
 
> I agree that this would be interesting, but do you think that there are still samples of the duras that caused diseases?
 
>>> if the iatrogenic dura mater CJD is associated with German sheep
 
>>> brain then the incidence of subclinical scrapie has to be much
 
>>> higher than they are letting on.
 
> >> Why do you think that all or many of the Lyodura cases are caused
 
>> by sheep brains and not by human dura mater?
 
> > There could be both. After all, we have no real idea of the normal
 
> incidence of preclinical CJD infectivity. But the species origin of
 
> dura mater is easily and rapidly settled by routine experiment.
 
> I agree, but I doubt that Braun Melsungen or the Japanese hospitals still have material of the infective duras.
 
> However, how does the German government account for all the "isolated"
 
> scrapie outbreaks below?
 
Yes, one was sheep imported from France. Note
 
> also that only 2 states have a record of reporting scrapie at all.
 
> Bavaria, the center of BSE, is reporting nothing. I find it most
 
> implausible that Germany is seeing spontaneous de novo independent origins
 
> of scrapie. In my opinion, scrapie is widespread in Germany but rarely
 
> reported. And what did the lambs eat during the time the calves ate BSE
 
> meal?
 
> Reporting of scrapie cases is obligatory for all German countries. Of course this does not mean for me that all cases become reported, but I think it is unlikely the we actually have as many scrapy cases as the UK has. It is not necessary to asume spontaneous de novo independent origins of scrapie in Germany. John Hazelwood in this list told me that we had many scrapie cases in Germany 80 years ago and Dr. Wiemer in the German MAFF confirmed that this is correct.
 
> Gutersloh -- what is going on there -- just one totally infested farm or a
 
> whole district?
 
> I do not have details about this although Dr. Wiemer promissed to give me details repeatedly during the last half year. But thee cases seem to be from different herds within this district.
 
kind regards
 
Roland
 
 
Subject: Re: USDA/APHIS response to ROLAND AND GERMANY Statement of Commissioner Byrne on new BSE-cases in Germany
 
From: "Terry S. Singeltary Sr."
 
Reply-To: Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy
 
Date: Thu, 11 Jan 2001 09:02:09 -0800
 
Content-Type: text/plain
 
Parts/Attachments: Parts/Attachments text/plain (179 lines) Reply Reply
 
######### Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy #########
 
Dear Roland,
 
> you should try to become somewhat > more up to date in order not to > write such complete nonsense.
 
i am tired of your insults and lies. it is you and your country that have been saying for the past few years, that Germany is BSE Free. NO PROBLEM. wake up and smell the roses Roland. You are now just doing your Governments PR work.
 
it is not difficult for me to understand that if Germany would have listened years ago, they would not be in the mess they are in now, same with other countries, including the U.S.
 
> but then you should not write > about things you don't understand.
 
i understand full well what i speak of.
 
> In Germany we now have ...
 
yea, you now have, correct, after the fact, after your country stumbled across a case by accident, and the 'cow was out of the barn' so to speak. now your country all of a sudden gets religious about BSE. what took so long?
 
this is the problem with all countries, once they wait til they come across a BSE case from 'passive' surveillance, then its too late. Passive surveillance does not work, and we all knew it would not work. all the religion in the world will not fix it. man did it, only man can fix.
 
> not only because I am familiar with her sister.
 
great, i am glad you are not only rubbing elbows with the gods now, but are are now friends with the Government. but you are starting to now sound as they do.
 
> There are of course still some problems, > but it is really stupid and ignorant to > describe the actual German BSE handling as > "acting as stupid as Germany".
 
Roland, before you went religious on us, or before you were not in the 'click', you just about called everybody stupid. now all of a sudden, everything in Germany is o.k. and BSE is under control. you have nothing under control yet.
 
i stand by what i said, Germany was stupid in its past handling of BSE, as with other countries including the U.S. until this stupidity stops, and there is GLOBAL regulations that are regulated very strictly, only then will the world get a handle on human/animal TSEs.
 
regards, Terry S. Singeltary Sr., Bacliff, Texas USA
 
Brussels, 18 December 2000
 
Statement of Commissioner Byrne on new BSE-cases in Germany
 
It gives me no pleasure to say that I am not surprised by the discovery of BSE in Bavaria. Public authorities must take all the measures necessary to protect public health and to inform their citizens. Even if Germany has only recently realized the risk that BSE has posed they must ensure that all EU legislation is fully implemented. If this is done then the consumer can have confidence in the beef they eat. There must be no half measures in regards to public health and safety. I call upon them to take any necessary step to protect consumers. Denmark for example has after the discovery of its first BSE-case withdrawn from the market all products which were still produced with materials like cattle brain and spinal cord. These "risk materials" are the ones which carry most of the infectivity.
 
I also want to ensure that consumers are properly informed. Meat- and bone meal has been identified as the clear source of the BSE-infection. A ban of feeding to ruminants has been EU-wide in place since 1994. But we have serious doubts it was respected. That is why we have now a temporary total ban on meat-and bone meal in place from 1 January 2001 onwards. There is also the possibility that compound feed might have been contaminated with traces of meat-and bone meal in plants where there were no dedicated manufacturing lines. It is of no help for consumers to speculate now about other possible ways of transmission which are all not scientifically backed up. It is much more important to tell people the truth and to force industry and farmers to respect laws.
 
Released on 10/01/2001
 
 
Roland Heynkes wrote:
 
> > ######### Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy #########
 
> > Dear Terry,
 
> > > BUT, they should be reported, some are infected with TSE.
 
> > The U.S. is just acting as stupid as Germany and other
 
> > Countries that insist they are free of BSE.
 
> > > you should try to become somewhat more up to date in order not to
 
> write such complete nonsense.
 
> > German governments not only do not state to be BSE-free, they also
 
> do not act stupid against BSE-risks. It might be difficult for you
 
> to see the fundamental changes in Germany, but then you should not
 
> write about things you don't understand.
 
> > In Germany we now have a very complete ban of mammalian slaughter
 
> waste products in farm animals feed and an extension of this ban to
 
> fertilizers is coming. Nearly every fallen or sick slaughtered cattle
 
> is being tested with the Prionics-Check. All over 30 months old, all
 
> cattle slaughtered in Nordrhein-Westfalen and many additional younger
 
> animals in other German countries are tested with the Prionics or BioRad
 
> tests. We already had about 70000 BSE tests during the last weeks.
 
> > The ignorant ministers for health and agriculture resigned and the
 
> ministries became reorganized. Instead of a ministry for agriculture we
 
> now have a ministry for consumer safety, food and agriculture and the
 
> new minister is from the green party and does not come from a farm.
 
> This dramatically reduces the lobbying power of the farmers and this
 
> will totally change the German agriculture policy within the EU.
 
> > Our new minister for health (Ulla Schmitt from Aachen) is much more
 
> communicative and perceptive. I now see a very good chance to make her
 
> aware of still existing risks of human-to-human transmission of CJD
 
> (not only nvCJD), not only because I am familiar with her sister.
 
> > We now have a German Inquiry for structural reasons for the mismanagement
 
> of the BSE problem and this will result in further organizational
 
> improvements. In addition we now have a massive push of prion science
 
> and governmental research institutes now publicly discuss BSE-risks and
 
> ask for improvements in many industrial and research processes. More and
 
> more German scientists become prepared to use modern communication methods
 
> and to discuss even with independent scientists. And German ministries
 
> are going to organize much more open mechanisms of scientific advisory.
 
> > In addition we now have very tight controls of animal feed, production
 
> processes and meat products. And the results of this inspections become
 
> published immediately.
 
> > This and many other changes came and come extremely fast and are really
 
> fundamental. There are of course still some problems, but it is really
 
> stupid and ignorant to describe the actual German BSE handling as
 
> "acting as stupid as Germany". It is absolutely OK and necessary to
 
> criticize existing safety problems, but it is not constructive to
 
> ignore improvements. The latter is exactly what the former German
 
> ministers did when they constantly ignored the huge improvements in the
 
> UK, Switzerland and France.
 
> > regards
 
> > Roland
 
 
 
 Subject: no chance to conseal BSE cases in Germany
 
From: Roland Heynkes
 
Reply-To: Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy
 
Date: Fri, 26 Jan 2001 15:20:15 +0100
 
Content-Type: text/plain
 
Parts/Attachments: Parts/Attachments text/plain (37 lines) Reply Reply
 
######### Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy #########
 
Dear all,
 
in Germany we now have 19 cases of BSE-positive tested German cows, which had shown BSE-symptomes in only two cases.
 
 
And the new minister for consumer safety and agriculture Renate Kuenast of the Green Party decided officially today, that all at least 2 years old slaughtered cattle have to become tested for BSE with the Prionics Western Blot or with the Bio-Rad ELISA.
 
In addition all cows (regardless how old) and all male cattle over 30 months that are found dead (downer cattle) and all for exceptional reasons (sick or injured) slaughtered cattle over 24 months are BSE-tested in accordance the EU regulation a somewhat more stringent German regulation.
 
In Nordrhein-Westfalen all healthy, sick, injured and fallen cattle over 24 months become tested for BSE.
 
In addition many butchers decide to test even younger cattle, because otherwise their customers would not buy the meat.
 
This does not mean that we will be able to identify all BSE- infected cattle now, but at least it means that there is now nearly no chance even for criminal farmers to conceal BSE cases.
 
kind regards
 
Roland
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Sunday, May 18, 2008
 
BSE, CJD, and Baby foods (the great debate 1999 to 2005)
 
 
BSE INQUIRY DFAs
 
 
Sunday, May 18, 2008
 
BSE Inquiry DRAFT FACTUAL ACCOUNT DFA
 
BSE Inquiry DRAFT FACTUAL ACCOUNTS DFA's
 
 
Sunday, May 18, 2008
 
BSE, CJD, and Baby foods (the great debate 1999 to 2005)
 
 
Sunday, May 18, 2008
 
MAD COW DISEASE BSE CJD CHILDREN VACCINES
 
 
 
Creutzfeldt Jakob Disease Germany 1993 - 2014
 
suspected CJD cases ≤50 years
 
Year suspected cases≤50 definite & probable cases ≤50
 
1993 0 0
 
1994 20 3
 
1995 14 3
 
1996 32 5
 
1997 13 6
 
1998 20 7
 
1999 12 7
 
2000 9 4
 
2001 15 5
 
2002 15 4
 
2003 19 9
 
2004 10 4
 
2005 18 8
 
2006 26 5
 
2007 28 7
 
2008 40 4
 
2009 27 4
 
2010 20 7
 
2011 14 4
 
2012 8 4
 
2013 8 3
 
2014 1 1
 
Gesamt 369 104
 
 
Friday, November 06, 2009
 
CJD GERMANY UDPATE 2009
 
----- Original Message -----
 
From: Terry S. Singeltary Sr.
 
To: TERRY SINGELTARY
 
Sent: Tuesday, October 27, 2009 12:36 PM
 
Subject: CJD GERMANY
 
CJK in Deutschland
 
Stand 06.10.2009
 
Jahr sicher wahrscheinlich möglich GSS FFI genetische
 
CJD
 
Iatrogen vCJK Inzidenz
 
1993 24 8 4 1 0 0 0 - 0,7
 
1994 45 27 26 0 2 4 1 - 0,9
 
1995 64 23 15 1 2 2 0 - 1,1
 
1996 55 34 22 1 5 5 1 - 1,1
 
1997 73 34 31 1 1 6 1 - 1,3
 
1998 63 54 11 1 3 7 0 - 1,4
 
1999 68 35 5 0 1 9 1 - 1,3
 
2000 53 55 4 2 1 7 1 - 1,3
 
2001 69 55 11 0 3 8 0 - 1,5
 
2002 52 46 6 0 2 7 0 - 1,2
 
2003 52 63 8 1 1 3 3 - 1,4
 
2004 80 60 5 1 4 4 0 - 1,7
 
2005 62 82 9 0 5 9 2 - 1,8
 
2006 61 80 8 0 4 5 1 - 1,7
 
2007 48 83 14 0 3 1 0 - 1,6
 
2008 57 78 9 0 3 0 0 - 1,6
 
2009 16 70 8 1 4 1 0 - 1,4*
 
 
see chart...tss
 
 
suspected CJD cases <50 div="" years="">
 
 
 
vCJD cases worldwide
 
 
see links ;
 
 
----- Original Message -----
 
From: Terry S. Singeltary Sr.
 
To: TERRY SINGELTARY
 
Sent: Tuesday, October 27, 2009 12:36 PM
 
Subject: CJD GERMANY
 
 
Journal of Neurology September 2014, Volume 261, Issue 9, pp 1811-1817 Date: 15 Jul 2014
 
First symptom and initial diagnosis in sporadic CJD patients in Germany
 
Anna Krasnianski, Judith Kaune, Klaus Jung, Hans A. Kretzschmar, Inga Zerr …
 
Abstract
 
To describe the first symptom/sign and first diagnosis in patients with sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD) in Germany with respect to M129V polymorphism of the prion protein gene and prion protein type. Data on the first symptom/sign and first diagnosis were studied in 492 sCJD patients with probable and definite sCJD and known M129V polymorphism. Unspecific prodromal symptoms such as headache, fatigue, sleep disturbances, “peculiar feeling in the head”, photophobia or weight loss were found in about 10 % of the patients. No prodromal symptoms were found in MV2 and VV1 patients. Dementia was the most common first symptom (37 %) followed by cerebellar (34 %), visual (15 %), and psychiatric disturbances (14 %). The CJD diagnosis was the first diagnosis in only 35 % of the patients (in 42 % of MM, 28 % of MV, and 24.5 % of VV patients). We provide a detailed analysis on clinical presentation and first diagnosis in a large group of patients with sCJD with respect to M129V genotype and prion protein type. These data emphasize the importance of knowledge about CJD and especially rare CJD types among physicians of different specializations. Our findings may improve early recognition of atypical CJD forms.
 
 
Date: 26 Feb 2014
 
Diagnostic profiles of patients with late-onset Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease differ from those of younger Creutzfeldt–Jakob patients: a historical cohort study using data from the German National Reference Center
 
André Karch, Lena Maria Raddatz, Claudia Ponto, Peter Hermann, David Summers, Inga Zerr …
 
Abstract
 
In contrast to other neurodegenerative diseases, sporadic Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (sCJD) is rarely diagnosed in patients older than 75 years. Data describing the characteristics of sCJD in the very old are rare and inconclusive. Therefore, a historical cohort study was designed to evaluate clinical, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), electroencephalography (EEG), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of this group. Patients older than 75 years identified via the German surveillance program from 2001 to 2012 (n = 73) were compared to a random subsample of sCJD patients younger than 75 (n = 73) from the same time period using an historical cohort design. Older patients showed a faster disease progression represented by an earlier point of diagnosis and a shorter survival time (p < 0.001). In the early stages of disease, older patients presented slightly more often with dementia (p = 0.127) or dysarthria (p = 0.238), whereas disorders of the extrapyramidal (p = 0.056) and visual system (p = 0.015) were more common in the younger group. Atypical MRI profiles such as MRI lesions restricted to one hemisphere (p < 0.001) or cortical lesions only (p = 0.258) were found more frequently in patients older than 75 years, whereas typical cortical and basal ganglia hyperintensities were more common in the younger group (p = 0.001). We demonstrated for the first time that patients with late-onset sCJD differ from younger sCJD patients with respect to MRI profiles and initial clinical presentation, but not among CSF markers. Misclassification of Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease cases in patients older than 75 years seems likely due to atypical clinical and radiological presentation. This might contribute to lower sCJD incidence rates in this age group.
 
 
CJD9/10022
 
October 1994
 
Mr R.N. Elmhirst Chairman British Deer Farmers Association Holly Lodge Spencers Lane BerksWell Coventry CV7 7BZ
 
Dear Mr Elmhirst,
 
CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB DISEASE (CJD) SURVEILLANCE UNIT REPORT
 
Thank you for your recent letter concerning the publication of the third annual report from the CJD Surveillance Unit. I am sorry that you are dissatisfied with the way in which this report was published.
 
The Surveillance Unit is a completely independant outside body and the Department of Health is committed to publishing their reports as soon as they become available. In the circumstances it is not the practice to circulate the report for comment since the findings of the report would not be amended. In future we can ensure that the British Deer Farmers Association receives a copy of the report in advance of publication.
 
The Chief Medical Officer has undertaken to keep the public fully informed of the results of any research in respect of CJD. This report was entirely the work of the unit and was produced completely independantly of the the Department.
 
The statistical results reqarding the consumption of venison was put into perspective in the body of the report and was not mentioned at all in the press release. Media attention regarding this report was low key but gave a realistic presentation of the statistical findings of the Unit. This approach to publication was successful in that consumption of venison was highlighted only once by the media ie. in the News at one television proqramme.
 
I believe that a further statement about the report, or indeed statistical links between CJD and consumption of venison, would increase, and quite possibly give damaging credence, to the whole issue. From the low key media reports of which I am aware it seems unlikely that venison consumption will suffer adversely, if at all.
 
 
5.195 Among occupational groups exposed to BSE, farmers remain unusual in having such an excess over the incidence of CJD for the population as a whole. No cases of CJD have been reported amount veterinarians exposed to BSE. Four people in the meat industry (butchers, abattoirs, rendering plants, etc) have been reported to have vCJD.386 The present evidence has been accepted by some as reassuring in that such occupations may not pose as serious a risk as might have been expected.
 
 
This was not simply another farmer but the third farmer......
 
 
suspect case of CJD in a farmer who has had a case of BSE in his beef suckler herd.
 
 
cover-up of 4th farm worker ???
 
 
 
CONFIRMATION OF CJD IN FOURTH FARMER
 
 
now story changes from;
 
SEAC concluded that, if the fourth case were confirmed, it would be worrying, especially as all four farmers with CJD would have had BSE cases on their farms.
 
to;
 
This is not unexpected...
 
was another farmer expected?
 
 
4th farmer, and 1st teenager
 
 
2. snip...
 
Over a 5 year period, which is the time period on which the advice from Professor Smith and Dr. Gore was based, and assuming a population of 120,000 dairy farm workers, and an annual incidence of 1 per million cases of CJD in the general population, a DAIRY FARM WORKER IS 5 TIMES MORE LIKELY THAN an individual in the general population to develop CJD. Using the actual current annual incidence of CJD in the UK of 0.7 per million, this figure becomes 7.5 TIMES.
 
3. You will recall that the advice provided by Professor Smith in 1993 and by Dr. Gore this month used the sub-population of dairy farm workers who had had a case of BSE on their farms - 63,000, which is approximately half the number of dairy farm workers - as a denominator. If the above sums are repeated using this denominator population, taking an annual incidence in the general population of 1 per million the observed rate in this sub-population is 10 TIMES, and taking an annual incidence of 0.7 per million, IT IS 15 TIMES (THE ''WORST CASE'' SCENARIO) than that in the general population...
 
 
CJD FARMERS WIFE 1989
 
 
 
20 year old died from sCJD in USA in 1980 and a 16 year old in 1981. A 19 year old died from sCJD in France in 1985. There is no evidence of an iatrogenic cause for those cases....
 
 
THE COVER UP OF MAD COW DISEASE IN FARMERS, FARMERS WIVES, AND VICKY RIMMER, THE DAY MAD COW SCIENCE CHANGED $$$
 
Monday, May 19, 2008
 
*** SPORADIC CJD IN FARMERS, FARMERS WIVES, FROM FARMS WITH BSE HERD AND ABATTOIRS ***
 
 
DOES ANYONE BESIDES ME SEE A PATTERN YET ???
 
Vickey Rimmer, 16, DID NOT DIE FROM nvCJD, she died from a form of sporadic CJD, whatever the hell that is. and there have been 16 year old die from sporadic CJD in the USA as well.
 
SIMPLY PUT, the ukbsenvcjd only theory was wrong from day one. the elderly are expendable, pets and kids are not.
 
Science was dictated by 'big buisness' after the Vickey Rimmer case with the ukbsenvcjd only myth.
 
and there have been 16 year old die from sporadic CJD in the USA as well.
 
snip...
 
I have interviewed Mrs Rimmer at my constituency surgery
 
IF there is nothing to hide, why is there so much SECRECY? WHY is the Government and other Bodies trying to stop any CHANCE OF PEOPLE CONNECTING THE TWO DISEASES. The B.S.E. problem is obvious, but if the correct measures are taken, surely the problem could be contained, however, as it stands the lack of investigation and interest of the possibility of B.S.E. and C.J.D. being linked is open for speculation and surely someone has to account for peoples lives! WHY is so much trouble being taken to convice people that B.S.E. and C.J.D. are not linked? Guilty Conscience perhaps ? - or cover up?
 
HOUSE OF COMMONS
 
FROM BARRY JONES, M.P.
 
22 FEBRUARY 1994
 
 
Alleged Case of Creutzfeld Jakob Disease: Victoria Rimmer.
 
(now story changes that biopsy shows she does not have CJD...tss)
 
 
now story changes to ;
 
Advice
 
7. The Parliamentary Secretary is invited to note the recent statements made on __________ and the present position which remains that CJD cannot be confirmed, in this case at this stage.
 
 
3. The Medical Director at ___________________ Hospital advised the Department on 6 June that the results of ___________________ brain biopsy had been received and that it showed NO EVIDENCE OF CJD. ______________ Hospital subsequently issued a statement to the press to this effect and this was publicised widely in the press (doc 1). News coverage which followed suggested that the statement made by ________________ Hospital had been misleading (doc 2). Enquires have been made of the Medical Director at _______________ Hospital who has CONFIRMED THAT THE STATEMENT ISSUED BY THE HOSPITAL WAS ISSUED IN ERROR. The facts are that two pathology reports on the same piece of brain tissue were recieved. The first report indicated that CJD was unlikely, The second report indicated that CJD was possible, PERHAPS EVEN LIKELY, but that no definitive diagnosis could be made before a post mortem was undertaken.
 
 
MAD COW MEAL DESTROYED MY DAUGHTERS LIFE
 
A TEENAGE GIRL may have caught the human form of MAD COW DISEASE by eating a contaminated burger it was claimed last night.
 
VICKY RIMMER, 16, has the killer Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD).
 
 
GIVE ME BACK MY LIFE
 
THEY BEGGED ME TO HUSH IT UP – GRAN’S AGONY
 
 
HUSH UP! GOVERNMENT TOLD GRAN: ''YOU MUST THINK OF THE ECONOMY''
 
 
WHY IS MY GIRL DYING ? '' IT WAS LIKE SOMEBODY OLD INSIDE A YOUNG PERSON'S BODY
 
 
ONLY PROBLEM IS, VICKY RIMMER, 16, DID NOT DIE FROM nvCJD, SHE DIED FROM SPORADIC CJD, supposedly. ...
 
Tuesday, November 04, 2014
 
*** The pathological and molecular but not clinical phenotypes are maintained after second passage of experimental atypical bovine spongiform encephalopathy in cattle
 
 
Tuesday, August 12, 2014
 
MAD COW USDA TSE PRION COVER UP or JUST IGNORANCE, for the record AUGUST 2014
 
 
Thursday, October 02, 2014
 
[Docket No. APHIS-2013-0064] Concurrence With OIE Risk Designations for Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy
 
 
Saturday, August 14, 2010
 
*** BSE Case Associated with Prion Protein Gene Mutation (g-h-BSEalabama) and VPSPr PRIONPATHY
 
 
2009 UPDATE ON ALABAMA AND TEXAS MAD COWS 2005 and 2006
 
 
 
full text ;
 
 
 
 
 
 
Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy TSE Prion Disease North America 2014
 
Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy TSE Prion Disease have now been discovered in a wide verity of species across North America. typical C-BSE, atypical L-type BASE BSE, atypical H-type BSE, atypical H-G BSE, of the bovine, typical and atypical Scrapie strains, in sheep and goats, with atypical Nor-98 Scrapie spreading coast to coast in about 5 years. Chronic Wasting Disease CWD in cervid is slowly spreading without any stopping it in Canada and the USA and now has mutated into many different strains. Transmissible Mink Encephalopathy TME outbreaks. These Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy TSE Prion Disease have been silently mutating and spreading in different species in North America for decades.
 
The USDA, FDA, et al have assured us of a robust Triple BSE TSE prion Firewall, of which we now know without a doubt, that it was nothing but ink on paper. Since the 1997 mad cow feed ban in the USA, literally tons and tons of banned mad cow feed has been put out into commerce, never to return, as late as December of 2013, serious, serious breaches in the FDA mad cow feed ban have been documented. The 2004 enhanced BSE surveillance program was so flawed, that one of the top TSE prion Scientist for the CDC, Dr. Paul Brown stated ; Brown, who is preparing a scientific paper based on the latest two mad cow cases to estimate the maximum number of infected cows that occurred in the United States, said he has "absolutely no confidence in USDA tests before one year ago" because of the agency's reluctance to retest the Texas cow that initially tested positive.
 
 
The BSE surveillance and testing have also been proven to be flawed, and the GAO and OIG have both raised serious question as to just how flawed it has been (see GAO and OIG reports). North America has more documented TSE prion disease, in different documented species (excluding the Zoo BSE animals in the EU), then any other place on the Globe. This does not include the very likelihood that TSE prion disease in the domestic feline and canine have been exposed to high doses of the TSE prion disease vid pet food. To date, it’s still legal to include deer from cwd zone into pet food or deer food. Specified Risk Material i.e. SRM bans still being breach, as recently as just last month. nvCJD or what they now call vCJD, another case documented in Texas last month, with very little information being released to the public on about this case? with still the same line of thought from federal officials, ‘it can’t happen here’, so another vCJD blamed on travel of a foreign animal disease from another country, while ignoring all the BSE TSE Prion risk factors we have here in the USA and Canada, and the time that this victim and others, do spend in the USA, and exposed to these risk factors, apparently do not count in any way with regard to risk factor. a flawed process of risk assessment.
 
sporadic CJD, along with new TSE prion disease in humans, of which the young are dying, of which long duration of illness from onset of symptoms to death have been documented, only to have a new name added to the pot of prion disease i.e. sporadic GSS, sporadic FFI, and or VPSPR. I only ponder how a familial type disease could be sporadic with no genetic link to any family member? when the USA is the only documented Country in the world to have documented two different cases of atypical H-type BSE, with one case being called atypical H-G BSE with the G meaning Genetic, with new science now showing that indeed atypical H-type BSE is very possible transmitted to cattle via oral transmission (Prion2014). sporadic CJD and VPSPR have been rising in Canada, USA, and the UK, with the same old excuse, better surveillance. You can only use that excuse for so many years, for so many decades, until one must conclude that CJD TSE prion cases are rising. a 48% incease in CJD in Canada is not just a blip or a reason of better surveillance, it is a mathematical rise in numbers. More and more we are seeing more humans exposed in various circumstance in the Hospital, Medical, Surgical arenas to the TSE Prion disease, and at the same time in North America, more and more humans are becoming exposed to the TSE prion disease via consumption of the TSE prion via deer and elk, cattle, sheep and goats, and for those that are exposed via or consumption, go on to further expose many others via the iatrogenic modes of transmission of the TSE prion disease i.e. friendly fire. I pondered this mode of transmission via the victims of sporadic FFI, sporadic GSS, could this be a iatrogenic event from someone sub-clinical with sFFI or sGSS ? what if?
 
Two decades have passed since Dr. Ironside first confirmed his first ten nvCJD victims in 1995. Ten years later, 2005, we had Dr. Gambetti and his first ten i.e. VPSPR in younger victims. now we know that indeed VPSPR is transmissible. yet all these TSE prion disease and victims in the USA and Canada are being pawned off as a spontaneous event, yet science has shown, the spontaneous theory has never been proven in any natural case of TSE prion disease, and scientist have warned, that they have now linked some sporadic CJD cases to atypical BSE, to atypical Scrapie, and to CWD, yet we don’t here about this in the public domain. We must make all human and animal TSE prion disease reportable in every age group, in ever state and internationally, we must have a serious re-evaluation and testing of the USA cattle herds, and we must ban interstate movement of all cervids. Any voluntary effort to do any of this will fail. Folks, we have let the industry run science far too long with regards to the TSE prion disease. While the industry and their lobbyist continues to funnel junk science to our decision policy makers, Rome burns. ...end
 
REFERENCES Sunday, June 29, 2014
 
Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy TSE Prion Disease North America 2014
 
 
TSS
 
Friday, November 28, 2014
 
*** BOVINE SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHY BSE AKA MAD COW DISEASE PORTUGAL CONFIRMED
 
 
Thursday, February 14, 2013
 
Unique Properties of the Classical Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy Strain and Its Emergence From H-Type Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy Substantiated by VM Transmission Studies
 
 
Saturday, December 15, 2012
 
*** Bovine spongiform encephalopathy: the effect of oral exposure dose on attack rate and incubation period in cattle -- an update 5 December 2012
 
 
Saturday, August 14, 2010
 
***BSE Case Associated with Prion Protein Gene Mutation (g-h-BSEalabama) and VPSPr PRIONPATHY
 
*** (see mad cow feed in COMMERCE IN ALABAMA...TSS)
 
 
However, a BSE expert said that consumption of infected material is the only known way that cattle get the disease under natural conditons.
 
***“In view of what we know about BSE after almost 20 years experience, contaminated feed has been the source of the epidemic,” said Paul Brown, a scientist retired from the National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke.
 
BSE is not caused by a microbe. It is caused by the misfolding of the so-called “prion protein” that is a normal constituent of brain and other tissues. If a diseased version of the protein enters the brain somehow, it can slowly cause all the normal versions to become misfolded. It is possible the disease could arise spontaneously, though such an event has never been recorded, Brown said.
 
 
*** What irks many scientists is the USDA’s April 25 statement that the rare disease is “not generally associated with an animal consuming infected feed.”
 
The USDA’s conclusion is a “gross oversimplification,” said Dr. Paul Brown, one of the world’s experts on this type of disease who retired recently from the National Institutes of Health. "(The agency) has no foundation on which to base that statement.”
 
 
Wednesday, February 12, 2014
 
*** USDA/APHIS NOTICE: Final Rule Regarding Imports and BSE Effective March 4, 2014
 
 
Thursday, February 20, 2014
 
Unnecessary precautions BSE MAD COW DISEASE Dr. William James FSIS VS Dr. Linda Detwiler 2014
 
 
I ask Professor Kong ; Thursday, December 04, 2008 3:37 PM
 
Subject: RE: re--Chronic Wating Disease (CWD) and Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathies (BSE): Public Health Risk Assessment ''IS the h-BSE more virulent than typical BSE as well, or the same as cBSE, or less virulent than cBSE? just curious.....'' Professor Kong reply ;
 
.....snip
 
''As to the H-BSE, we do not have sufficient data to say one way or another, but we have found that H-BSE can infect humans. I hope we could publish these data once the study is complete. Thanks for your interest.''
 
Best regards, Qingzhong Kong, PhD Associate Professor Department of Pathology Case Western Reserve University Cleveland, OH 44106 USA END...TSS
 
Thursday, December 04, 2008 2:37 PM
 
"we have found that H-BSE can infect humans."
 
personal communication with Professor Kong. ...TSS
 
BSE-H is also transmissible in our humanized Tg mice. The possibility of more than two atypical BSE strains will be discussed.
 
Supported by NINDS NS052319, NIA AG14359, and NIH AI 77774.
 
 
 
please see below from PRION2013 ;
 
*** This study imply the possibility that the novel BSE prions with high virulence in cattle will be emerged during intraspecies transmission.
 
AD.56: The emergence of novel BSE prions by serial passages of H-type BSE in bovinized mice
 
Kentaro Masujin, Naoko Tabeta, Ritsuko Miwa, Kohtaro Miyazawa, Hiroyuki Okada, Shirou Mohri and Takashi Yokoyama National Institute of Animal Health; Tsukuba, Japan
 
H-type bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) is an atypical form of BSE, and has been detected in several European countries, and North America. Transmission studies of H-type BSE led to the emergence of the classical BSE (C-BSE) phenotypes during passages in inbred wild type and bovinized PrP-overexpressing transgenic mice. In this study, we conducted serial passages of Canadian H-type BSE isolate in bovinized PrP-overexpressing transgenic mice (TgBoPrP). H-type BSE isolate was transmitted to TgBoPrP with incubation periods of 320 ± 12.2 d at primary passage. The incubation period of 2nd and 3rd passage were constant (~= 220 d), no clear differences were observed in their biological and biochemical properties. However, at the forth passage, 2 different BSE phenotypes were confirmed; one is shorter survival times (109 ± 4 d) and the other is longer survival times. TgBoPrP mice with longer incubation period showed the H-type phenotype of PrPsc profile and pathology. However, those of shorter incubation period were different phenotypes from previously existed BSE prions (C-BSE, L-type BSE, and H-type BSE).
 
*** This study imply the possibility that the novel BSE prions with high virulence in cattle will be emerged during intraspecies transmission.
 
 
www.landesbioscience.com
 
please see ;
 
Thursday, August 15, 2013
 
The emergence of novel BSE prions by serial passages of H-type BSE in bovinized mice
 
 
Sunday, September 1, 2013
 
*** Evaluation of the Zoonotic Potential of Transmissible Mink Encephalopathy
 
We previously described the biochemical similarities between PrPres derived from L-BSE infected macaque and cortical MM2 sporadic CJD: those observations suggest a link between these two uncommon prion phenotypes in a primate model (it is to note that such a link has not been observed in other models less relevant from the human situation as hamsters or transgenic mice overexpressing ovine PrP [28]). We speculate that a group of related animal prion strains (L-BSE, c-BSE and TME) would have a zoonotic potential and lead to prion diseases in humans with a type 2 PrPres molecular signature (and more specifically type 2B for vCJD)
 
snip...
 
Together with previous experiments performed in ovinized and bovinized transgenic mice and hamsters [8,9] indicating similarities between TME and L-BSE, the data support the hypothesis that L-BSE could be the origin of the TME outbreaks in North America and Europe during the mid-1900s.
 
 
Sunday, December 15, 2013
 
*** FDA PART 589 -- SUBSTANCES PROHIBITED FROM USE IN ANIMAL FOOD OR FEED VIOLATIONS OFFICIAL ACTION INDICATED OAI UPDATE DECEMBER 2013 UPDATE ***
 
 
Saturday, August 4, 2012
 
*** Final Feed Investigation Summary – California L-type BASE BSE Case - July 2012
 
 
SUMMARY REPORT CALIFORNIA BOVINE SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHY CASE INVESTIGATION JULY 2012
 
Summary Report BSE 2012
 
Executive Summary
 
 
MAD COW USDA ATYPICAL L-TYPE BASE BSE, the rest of the story...
 
***Oral Transmission of L-type Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy in Primate Model
 
 
***Infectivity in skeletal muscle of BASE-infected cattle
 
 
***feedstuffs- It also suggests a similar cause or source for atypical BSE in these countries.
 
 
***Also, a link is suspected between atypical BSE and some apparently sporadic cases of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in humans.
 
 
The present study demonstrated successful intraspecies transmission of H-type BSE to cattle and the distribution and immunolabeling patterns of PrPSc in the brain of the H-type BSE-challenged cattle. TSE agent virulence can be minimally defined by oral transmission of different TSE agents (C-type, L-type, and H-type BSE agents) [59]. Oral transmission studies with H-type BSEinfected cattle have been initiated and are underway to provide information regarding the extent of similarity in the immunohistochemical and molecular features before and after transmission.
 
In addition, the present data will support risk assessments in some peripheral tissues derived from cattle affected with H-type BSE.
 
 
in the url that follows, I have posted
 
SRM breaches first, as late as 2011.
 
then
 
MAD COW FEED BAN BREACHES AND TONNAGES OF MAD COW FEED IN COMMERCE up until 2007, when they ceased posting them.
 
then,
 
MAD COW SURVEILLANCE BREACHES.
 
Friday, May 18, 2012
 
Update from APHIS Regarding a Detection of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) in the United States Friday May 18, 2012
 
 
SUMMARY REPORT CALIFORNIA BOVINE SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHY CASE INVESTIGATION JULY 2012
 
Summary Report BSE 2012
 
Executive Summary
 
 
Saturday, August 4, 2012
 
Update from APHIS Regarding Release of the Final Report on the BSE Epidemiological Investigation
 
 
Wednesday, May 30, 2012
 
PO-028: Oral transmission of L-type bovine spongiform encephalopathy (L-BSE) in primate model Microcebus murinus
 
 
Monday, June 18, 2012
 
R-CALF Submits Incomplete Comments Under Protest in Bizarre Rulemaking “Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy; Importation of Bovines and Bovine Products”
 
 
Tuesday, July 17, 2012
 
O.I.E. BSE, CWD, SCRAPIE, TSE PRION DISEASE Final Report of the 80th General Session, 20 - 25 May 2012
 
 
Saturday, December 21, 2013
 
**** Complementary studies detecting classical bovine spongiform encephalopathy infectivity in jejunum, ileum and ileocaecal junction in incubating cattle ****
 
 
Wednesday, December 4, 2013
 
*** Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy; Importation of Bovines and Bovine Products; Final Rule Federal Register / Vol. 78 , No. 233 /
 
Wednesday, December 4, 2013
 
 
Saturday, November 2, 2013
 
*** APHIS Finalizes Bovine Import Regulations in Line with International Animal Health Standards while enhancing the spread of BSE TSE prion mad cow type disease around the Globe
 
 
 
UPDATE NORTH AMERICA MAD COW DISEASE
 
Monday, March 19, 2012
 
Infectivity in Skeletal Muscle of Cattle with Atypical Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy
 
PLoS One. 2012; 7(2): e31449.
 
 
Monday, October 10, 2011
 
EFSA Journal 2011 The European Response to BSE: A Success Story
 
snip...
 
EFSA and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) recently delivered a scientific opinion on any possible epidemiological or molecular association between TSEs in animals and humans (EFSA Panel on Biological Hazards (BIOHAZ) and ECDC, 2011). This opinion confirmed Classical BSE prions as the only TSE agents demonstrated to be zoonotic so far ***but the possibility that a small proportion of human cases so far classified as "sporadic" CJD are of zoonotic origin could not be excluded. Moreover, transmission experiments to non-human primates suggest that some TSE agents in addition to Classical BSE prions in cattle (namely L-type Atypical BSE, Classical BSE in sheep, transmissible mink encephalopathy (TME) and chronic wasting disease (CWD) agents) might have zoonotic potential.
 
snip...
 
 
 
see follow-up here about North America BSE Mad Cow TSE prion risk factors, and the ever emerging strains of Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy in many species here in the USA, including humans ;
 
 
Thursday, August 12, 2010
 
Seven main threats for the future linked to prions
 
First threat
 
The TSE road map defining the evolution of European policy for protection against prion diseases is based on a certain numbers of hypotheses some of which may turn out to be erroneous. In particular, a form of BSE (called atypical Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy), recently identified by systematic testing in aged cattle without clinical signs, may be the origin of classical BSE and thus potentially constitute a reservoir, which may be impossible to eradicate if a sporadic origin is confirmed.
 
***Also, a link is suspected between atypical BSE and some apparently sporadic cases of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in humans. These atypical BSE cases constitute an unforeseen first threat that could sharply modify the European approach to prion diseases.
 
Second threat
 
snip...
 
 
Sunday, November 23, 2014
 
Confirmed Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (variant CJD) Case in Texas in June 2014 confirmed as USA case NOT European
 
The completed investigation did not support the patient's having had extended travel to European countries, including the United Kingdom, or travel to Saudi Arabia. The specific overseas country where this patient’s infection occurred is less clear largely because the investigation did not definitely link him to a country where other known vCJD cases likely had been infected.
 
 
Monday, November 3, 2014
 
USA CJD TSE PRION UNIT, TEXAS, SURVEILLANCE UPDATE NOVEMBER 2014
 
National Prion Disease Pathology Surveillance Center Cases Examined1 (October 7, 2014)
 
***6 Includes 11 cases in which the diagnosis is pending, and 19 inconclusive cases;
 
***7 Includes 12 (11 from 2014) cases with type determination pending in which the diagnosis of vCJD has been excluded.
 
***The sporadic cases include 2660 cases of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD),
 
***50 cases of Variably Protease-Sensitive Prionopathy (VPSPr)
 
***and 21 cases of sporadic Fatal Insomnia (sFI).
 
 
Terry S. Singeltary Sr. on the Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Public Health Crisis *video*
 
 
Jeff Schwan, sporadic cjd, clustering, and BSE aka mad cow type disease, is there a link ? *video*
 
 
1997-11-10: Panorama - The british disease *video*
 
 
Sunday, September 6, 2009
 
MAD COW USA 1997 *video*
 
 
 
Singeltary submission to PLOS ;
 
RE: re-Human Prion Diseases in the United States part 2 flounder replied to flounder on 02 Jan 2010 at 21:26 GMT
 
No competing interests declared.
 
see full text ;
 
 
FACT is, BSE cases in Europe of the past years have dropped dramatically due to feed ban that was enforced, and extensive BSE testing, in large numbers. just the opposite has happened in the USA. it’s all been documented. there is ample evidence that there is as much of a chance (if not more), that this victim contracted human mad cow disease from sources right here in the USA. this PR push to alienate a USA source factor for human BSE in the USA is a PR stunt by the USDA inc., and not justified now, in my opinion. compare BSE testing figures in the EU compared to the USA, compare mad cow feed ban breaches, and you will see. hell, the 2004 enhanced BSE surveillance program was flawed so bad, the top Prion God at the NIH TSE prion expert Paul Brown, says he does not trust anything from the USDA since Texas covered up a mad cow for 7 months, on a 48 hour confirmation turn around. it’s all documented below in link. USDA inc shut down the mad cow testing after so many atypical BSE cases started showing up. ...
 
***In addition, non-human primates are specifically susceptible for atypical BSE as demonstrated by an approximately 50% shortened incubation time for L-type BSE as compared to C-type. Considering the current scientific information available, it cannot be assumed that these different BSE types pose the same human health risks as C-type BSE or that these risks are mitigated by the same protective measures.
 
 
2014
 
***Moreover, L-BSE has been transmitted more easily to transgenic mice overexpressing a human PrP [13,14] or to primates [15,16] than C-BSE.
 
***It has been suggested that some sporadic CJD subtypes in humans may result from an exposure to the L-BSE agent.
 
*** Lending support to this hypothesis, pathological and biochemical similarities have been observed between L-BSE and an sCJD subtype (MV genotype at codon 129 of PRNP) [17], and between L-BSE infected non-human primate and another sCJD subtype (MM genotype) [15].
 
snip...
 
 
BSE prions propagate as either variant CJD-like or sporadic CJD-like prion strains in transgenic mice expressing human prion protein
 
*** Surprisingly, however, BSE transmission to these transgenic mice, in addition to producing a vCJD-like phenotype, can also result in a distinct molecular phenotype that is indistinguishable from that of sporadic CJD with PrPSc type 2.
 
These data suggest that more than one BSEderived prion strain might infect humans;
 
***it is therefore possible that some patients with a phenotype consistent with sporadic CJD may have a disease arising from BSE exposure.
 
snip...
 
These studies further strengthen the evidence that vCJD is caused by a BSE-like prion strain.
 
Also, remarkably, the key neuropathological hallmark of vCJD, the presence of abundant florid PrP plaques, can be recapitulated on BSE or vCJD transmission to these mice.
 
***However, the most surprising aspect of the studies was the finding that an alternate pattern of disease can be induced in 129MM Tg35 mice from primary transmission of BSE, with a molecular phenotype indistinguishable from that of a subtype of sporadic CJD. This finding has important potential implications as it raises the possibility that some humans infected with BSE prions may develop a clinical disease indistinguishable from classical CJD associated with type 2 PrPSc. This is, in our experience, the commonest molecular sub-type of sporadic CJD. In this regard, it is of interest that the reported incidence of sporadic CJD has risen in the UK since the 1970s (Cousens et al., 1997)...
 
 
To date the OIE/WAHO assumes that the human and animal health standards set out in the BSE chapter for classical BSE (C-Type) applies to all forms of BSE which include the H-type and L-type atypical forms. This assumption is scientifically not completely justified and accumulating evidence suggests that this may in fact not be the case. Molecular characterization and the spatial distribution pattern of histopathologic lesions and immunohistochemistry (IHC) signals are used to identify and characterize atypical BSE. Both the L-type and H-type atypical cases display significant differences in the conformation and spatial accumulation of the disease associated prion protein (PrPSc) in brains of afflicted cattle. Transmission studies in bovine transgenic and wild type mouse models support that the atypical BSE types might be unique strains because they have different incubation times and lesion profiles when compared to C-type BSE. When L-type BSE was inoculated into ovine transgenic mice and Syrian hamster the resulting molecular fingerprint had changed, either in the first or a subsequent passage, from L-type into C-type BSE.
 
***In addition, non-human primates are specifically susceptible for atypical BSE as demonstrated by an approximately 50% shortened incubation time for L-type BSE as compared to C-type. Considering the current scientific information available, it cannot be assumed that these different BSE types pose the same human health risks as C-type BSE or that these risks are mitigated by the same protective measures.
 
 
-------- Original Message --------
 
Subject: re-BSE prions propagate as either variant CJD-like or sporadic CJD
 
Date: Thu, 28 Nov 2002 10:23:43 -0000
 
From: "Asante, Emmanuel A" e.asante@ic.ac.uk
 
To: "'flounder@wt.net'" flounder@wt.net
 
Dear Terry,
 
I have been asked by Professor Collinge to respond to your request. I am a Senior Scientist in the MRC Prion Unit and the lead author on the paper. I have attached a pdf copy of the paper for your attention.
 
Thank you for your interest in the paper.
 
In respect of your first question, the simple answer is, ***yes. As you will find in the paper, we have managed to associate the alternate phenotype to type 2 PrPSc, the commonest sporadic CJD. It is too early to be able to claim any further sub-classification in respect of Heidenhain variant CJD or Vicky Rimmer's version. It will take further studies, which are on-going, to establish if there are sub-types to our initial finding which we are now reporting. The main point of the paper is that, as well as leading to the expected new variant CJD phenotype, BSE transmission to the 129-methionine genotype can lead to an alternate phenotype which is indistinguishable from type 2 PrPSc.
 
I hope reading the paper will enlighten you more on the subject. If I can be of any further assistance please to not hesitate to ask. Best wishes.
 
Emmanuel Asante
 
<>
 
____________________________________
 
Dr. Emmanuel A Asante MRC Prion Unit & Neurogenetics Dept. Imperial College School of Medicine (St. Mary's) Norfolk Place, LONDON W2 1PG Tel: +44 (0)20 7594 3794 Fax: +44 (0)20 7706 3272 email: e.asante@ic.ac.uk (until 9/12/02) New e-mail: e.asante@prion.ucl.ac.uk (active from now)
 
____________________________________ END
 
Terry S. Singeltary Sr. on the Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Public Health Crisis *video*
 
 
Jeff Schwan, sporadic cjd, clustering, and BSE aka mad cow type disease, is there a link ? *video*
 
 
1997-11-10: Panorama - The british disease *video*
 
 
Sunday, September 6, 2009
 
MAD COW USA 1997 *video*
 
 
Wednesday, October 09, 2013
 
*** WHY THE UKBSEnvCJD ONLY THEORY IS SO POPULAR IN IT'S FALLACY, £41,078,281 in compensation ***
 
 
Monday, November 3, 2014
 
USA CJD TSE PRION UNIT, TEXAS, SURVEILLANCE UPDATE NOVEMBER 2014
 
National Prion Disease Pathology Surveillance Center Cases Examined1 (October 7, 2014)
 
***6 Includes 11 cases in which the diagnosis is pending, and 19 inconclusive cases;
 
***7 Includes 12 (11 from 2014) cases with type determination pending in which the diagnosis of vCJD has been excluded.
 
***The sporadic cases include 2660 cases of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD),
 
***50 cases of Variably Protease-Sensitive Prionopathy (VPSPr)
 
***and 21 cases of sporadic Fatal Insomnia (sFI).
 
 
Monday, November 3, 2014
 
The prion protein protease sensitivity, stability and seeding activity in variably protease sensitive prionopathy brain tissue suggests molecular overlaps with sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
 
 
Sunday, November 23, 2014
 
Transmission Characteristics of Variably Protease-Sensitive Prionopathy
 
* We concluded that VPSPr is transmissible; thus, it is an authentic prion disease.
 
 
Thursday, August 12, 2010
 
Seven main threats for the future linked to prions
 
***Also, a link is suspected between atypical BSE and some apparently sporadic cases of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in humans. These atypical BSE cases constitute an unforeseen first threat that could sharply modify the European approach to prion diseases.
 
Second threat
 
snip...
 
 
Monday, October 10, 2011
 
EFSA Journal 2011 The European Response to BSE: A Success Story
 
snip...
 
*** but the possibility that a small proportion of human cases so far classified as "sporadic" CJD are of zoonotic origin could not be excluded. Moreover, transmission experiments to non-human primates suggest that some TSE agents in addition to Classical BSE prions in cattle (namely L-type Atypical BSE, Classical BSE in sheep, transmissible mink encephalopathy (TME) and chronic wasting disease (CWD) agents) might have zoonotic potential.
 
snip...
 
 
 
Singeltary submission to PLOS ;
 
RE: re-Human Prion Diseases in the United States part 2 flounder replied to flounder on 02 Jan 2010 at 21:26 GMT
 
No competing interests declared.
 
No competing interests declared.
 
see full text ;
 
 
26 March 2003
 
Terry S. Singeltary, retired (medically) CJD WATCH
 
I lost my mother to hvCJD (Heidenhain Variant CJD). I would like to comment on the CDC's attempts to monitor the occurrence of emerging forms of CJD. Asante, Collinge et al [1] have reported that BSE transmission to the 129-methionine genotype can lead to an alternate phenotype that is indistinguishable from type 2 PrPSc, the commonest sporadic CJD. However, CJD and all human TSEs are not reportable nationally. CJD and all human TSEs must be made reportable in every state and internationally. I hope that the CDC does not continue to expect us to still believe that the 85%+ of all CJD cases which are sporadic are all spontaneous, without route/source. We have many TSEs in the USA in both animal and man. CWD in deer/elk is spreading rapidly and CWD does transmit to mink, ferret, cattle, and squirrel monkey by intracerebral inoculation. With the known incubation periods in other TSEs, oral transmission studies of CWD may take much longer. Every victim/family of CJD/TSEs should be asked about route and source of this agent. To prolong this will only spread the agent and needlessly expose others. In light of the findings of Asante and Collinge et al, there should be drastic measures to safeguard the medical and surgical arena from sporadic CJDs and all human TSEs. I only ponder how many sporadic CJDs in the USA are type 2 PrPSc?
 
 
Diagnosis and Reporting of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Singeltary, Sr et al. JAMA.2001; 285: 733-734. Vol. 285 No. 6, February 14, 2001 JAMA
 
Diagnosis and Reporting of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease
 
To the Editor: In their Research Letter, Dr Gibbons and colleagues1 reported that the annual US death rate due to Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) has been stable since 1985. These estimates, however, are based only on reported cases, and do not include misdiagnosed or preclinical cases. It seems to me that misdiagnosis alone would drastically change these figures. An unknown number of persons with a diagnosis of Alzheimer disease in fact may have CJD, although only a small number of these patients receive the postmortem examination necessary to make this diagnosis. Furthermore, only a few states have made CJD reportable. Human and animal transmissible spongiform encephalopathies should be reportable nationwide and internationally.
 
Terry S. Singeltary, Sr Bacliff, Tex
 
1. Gibbons RV, Holman RC, Belay ED, Schonberger LB. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in the United States: 1979-1998. JAMA. 2000;284:2322-2323. FREE FULL TEXT
 
 
2 January 2000
 
British Medical Journal
 
U.S. Scientist should be concerned with a CJD epidemic in the U.S., as well
 
 
15 November 1999
 
British Medical Journal
 
vCJD in the USA * BSE in U.S.
 
 
14th ICID International Scientific Exchange Brochure -
 
Final Abstract Number: ISE.114
 
Session: International Scientific Exchange
 
Transmissible Spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) animal and human TSE in North America update October 2009
 
T. Singeltary
 
Bacliff, TX, USA
 
Background:
 
An update on atypical BSE and other TSE in North America. Please remember, the typical U.K. c-BSE, the atypical l-BSE (BASE), and h-BSE have all been documented in North America, along with the typical scrapie's, and atypical Nor-98 Scrapie, and to date, 2 different strains of CWD, and also TME. All these TSE in different species have been rendered and fed to food producing animals for humans and animals in North America (TSE in cats and dogs ?), and that the trading of these TSEs via animals and products via the USA and Canada has been immense over the years, decades.
 
Methods:
 
12 years independent research of available data
 
Results:
 
I propose that the current diagnostic criteria for human TSEs only enhances and helps the spreading of human TSE from the continued belief of the UKBSEnvCJD only theory in 2009. With all the science to date refuting it, to continue to validate this old myth, will only spread this TSE agent through a multitude of potential routes and sources i.e. consumption, medical i.e., surgical, blood, dental, endoscopy, optical, nutritional supplements, cosmetics etc.
 
Conclusion:
 
I would like to submit a review of past CJD surveillance in the USA, and the urgent need to make all human TSE in the USA a reportable disease, in every state, of every age group, and to make this mandatory immediately without further delay. The ramifications of not doing so will only allow this agent to spread further in the medical, dental, surgical arena's. Restricting the reporting of CJD and or any human TSE is NOT scientific. Iatrogenic CJD knows NO age group, TSE knows no boundaries. I propose as with Aguzzi, Asante, Collinge, Caughey, Deslys, Dormont, Gibbs, Gajdusek, Ironside, Manuelidis, Marsh, et al and many more, that the world of TSE Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy is far from an exact science, but there is enough proven science to date that this myth should be put to rest once and for all, and that we move forward with a new classification for human and animal TSE that would properly identify the infected species, the source species, and then the route.
 
 
Self-Propagative Replication of Ab Oligomers Suggests Potential Transmissibility in Alzheimer Disease
 
Received July 24, 2014; Accepted September 16, 2014; Published November 3, 2014
 
 
Singeltary comment ;
 
 
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