Bovine spongiform encephalopathy ,Slovenia
Information received on 18/09/2015 from Mrs Simona
Salamon, Head of Audit, Administration Directorate, Ministry of Agriculture,
forestry and food, Administration of the Republic of Slovenia for food safety,
veterinary sector and plant protection, LJUBLJANA,
Slovenia
Summary
|
Report
type
|
Immediate
notification
|
|
Date of start of the
event
|
16/09/2015
|
|
Date of confirmation of
the event
|
16/09/2015
|
|
Report
date
|
18/09/2015
|
|
Date submitted to
OIE
|
18/09/2015
|
|
Reason for
notification
|
Reoccurrence of a listed
disease
|
|
Date of previous
occurrence
|
2007
|
|
Manifestation of
disease
|
Clinical
disease
|
|
Causal
agent
|
Prion
|
|
Nature of
diagnosis
|
Laboratory
(advanced)
|
|
This event pertains
to
|
the whole
country
|
New outbreaks
|
Summary of
outbreaks
|
Total outbreaks:
1
| ||||||||||||
|
Outbreak Location
|
| ||||||||||||
|
Total animals
affected
|
| ||||||||||||
|
Outbreak
statistics
|
* Removed from the susceptible population through death, destruction and/or slaughter; |
Epidemiology
|
Source of the outbreak(s)
or origin of infection
|
|
|
Epidemiological
comments
|
The sample will be sent
to the European Union Reference Laboratory, Animal and Plant Health Agency
(APHA), Weybridge (United Kingdom) for BSE
typing.
|
Control measures
|
Measures
applied
|
|
|
Measures to be
applied
|
|
Diagnostic test results
|
Laboratory name and
type
|
National Veterinary
Institute ( National laboratory )
| ||||||||||||
|
Tests and
results
|
|
Future Reporting
|
The event is continuing.
Weekly follow-up reports will be
submitted.
|
Encéphalopathie spongiforme bovine ,Slovénie
Information reçue le 18/09/2015 de Mrs Simona Salamon,
Head of Audit, Administration Directorate, Ministry of Agriculture, forestry and
food, Administration of the Republic of Slovenia for food safety, veterinary
sector and plant protection, LJUBLJANA, Slovénie
Résumé
|
Type de
rapport
|
Notification
immédiate
|
|
Date de début de
l’événement
|
16/09/2015
|
|
Date de confirmation de
l´événement
|
16/09/2015
|
|
Date du
rapport
|
18/09/2015
|
|
Date d'envoi à
l'OIE
|
18/09/2015
|
|
Raison de
notification
|
Réapparition d’une
maladie listée par l'OIE
|
|
Date de la précédente
apparition de la maladie
|
2007
|
|
Manifestation de la
maladie
|
Maladie
clinique
|
|
Agent
causal
|
Prion
|
|
Nature du
diagnostic
|
Tests approfondis en
laboratoire (i.e. virologie, microscopie électronique, biologie moléculaire,
immunologie)
|
|
Cet événement se rapporte
à
|
tout le
pays
|
Nouveaux foyers
|
Récapitulatif des
foyers
|
Nombre total de foyers :
1
| ||||||||||||
|
Localisation du foyer
|
| ||||||||||||
|
Nombre total d'animaux
atteints
|
| ||||||||||||
|
Statistiques sur le
foyer
|
* Soustraits de la population sensible suite à la mort, à l´abattage et/ou à la destruction; |
Epidémiologie
|
Source du/des foyer(s) ou
origine de l´infection
|
|
|
Autres renseignements
épidémiologiques / Commentaires
|
L’échantillon sera envoyé
au Laboratoire de référence de l’Union européenne, l’Agence de la santé animale
et végétale (APHA), Weybridge (Royaume-Uni) pour le typage de
l’ESB.
|
Mesures de lutte
|
Mesures de lutte
appliquées
|
|
|
Mesures à
appliquer
|
|
Résultats des tests de diagnostics
|
Nom du laboratoire et
type
|
Institut vétérinaire
national ( Laboratoire national )
| ||||||||||||
|
Tests et
résultats
|
|
Rapports futurs
|
Cet événement se
poursuit. Des rapports de suivi hebdomadaires devront être
envoyés.
|
Encefalopatía espongiforme bovina ,Eslovenia
Información recibida el 18/09/2015 desde Mrs Simona
Salamon, Head of Audit, Administration Directorate, Ministry of Agriculture,
forestry and food, Administration of the Republic of Slovenia for food safety,
veterinary sector and plant protection, LJUBLJANA,
Eslovenia
Resumen
|
Tipo de
informe
|
Notificación
inmediata
|
|
Fecha del inicio del
evento
|
16/09/2015
|
|
Fecha de confirmación del
evento
|
16/09/2015
|
|
Fecha del
informe
|
18/09/2015
|
|
Fecha de envio del
informe a la OIE
|
18/09/2015
|
|
Motivo de la
notificación
|
Reaparición de una
enfermedad de la Lista de la OIE
|
|
Fecha de la anterior
aparición de la enfermedad
|
2007
|
|
Manifestación de la
enfermedad
|
Enfermedad
clínica
|
|
Agente
causal
|
Prion
|
|
Naturaleza del
diagnóstico
|
Pruebas de diagnóstico de
laboratorio avanzadas (ej. virología, microscopía electrónica, biología
molecular e inmunología)
|
|
Este evento
concierne
|
todo el
país
|
Nuevos focos
|
Resumen de los
focos
|
Número total de focos:
1
| ||||||||||||
|
Localización del foco
|
| ||||||||||||
|
Número total de animales
afectados
|
| ||||||||||||
|
Estadística del
foco
|
* Descontados de la población susceptible a raíz de su muerte, destrucción o sacrificio; |
Epidemiología
|
Fuente del o de los focos
u origen de la infección
|
|
|
Otros detalles
epidemiológicos / comentarios
|
La muestra será enviada
al Laboratorio de referencia de la Unión Europea, la Agencia de sanidad animal y
vegetal (APHA), Weybridge (Reino Unido) para la tipificación de la
EEB.
|
Medidas de Control
|
Medidas
implementadas
|
|
|
Medidas para
implementar
|
|
Resultados de las pruebas diagnósticas
|
Nombre y tipo de
laboratorio
|
Instituto veterinario
nacional ( Laboratorio nacional )
| ||||||||||||
|
Pruebas y
resultados
|
|
Informes futuros
|
El episodio continúa.
Informes de seguimiento semanales serán
enviados
|
First Mad Cow Disease Case in Eight Years Confirmed Ljubljana, 16 September - A 12-year-old cow that died on a farm in southern Slovenia has tested positive for mad cow disease, or BSE, the veterinary administration said on Wednesday.
Rare mad cow disease case suspected in Slovenia English.news.cn 2015-09-16
22:35:09
LJUBLJANA, Sept. 16 (Xinhua) -- The Slovenian veterinary administration
disclosed on Wednesday that a 12-year-old cow that died on a farm in southern
Slovenia has tested positive for mad cow disease, or BSE.
The results of a follow-up confirmation test are expected later Wednesday,
and if confirmed, this would be the ninth case of BSE in Slovenia and the first
after 2007, according to report by the Slovenian Press Agency.
The Administration for Food Safety, Veterinary and Plant Protection said
precautionary measures have been taken at the farm such as preventing animal
movement to and from the farm and examining the cow's history.
Slovenia has since 2013 been classified as a country with negligible BSE
risk and the veterinary administration said the case was unlikely to change
given that the cow was born 12 years ago.
NAČRT UKREPOV ZA BSE IN TSE V Načrtu ukrepov so opisani ukrepi, ki jih je v
Sloveniji treba izvesti ob pojavu bovine spongiforme encefalopatije (BSE) ali
transmisivne spongiformne encefalopatije pri drobnici (TSE), z namenom
izkoreninjenja bolezni. V dokumentih so opredeljeni organi, ki pri tem
sodelujejo, njihove pristojnosti in odgovornosti ter poti in postopki za
izmenjavo informacij med udeleženimi pri izvajanju posameznih ukrepov. Podroben
opis postopkov prispeva k ustrezni izmenjavi informacij med pristojnimi organi
in vsemi zainteresiranimi skupinami ter k hitremu in učinkovitemu ukrepanju ob
sumu oziroma po potrditvi BSE oziroma TSE.
NAČRT UKREPOV OB POJAVU TRANSMISIVNIH SPONGIFORMNIH ENCEFALOPATIJ (TSE) PRI
DROBNICI V REPUBLIKI SLOVENIJI
Bovine Spongiform
Encephalopathy, Slovenia
Impact Worksheet, November 23, 2001
Summary: In
Slovenia, BSE was confirmed in a five-year old domestically bred cow; this is
the first case of BSE in that country. Slovenia identified the cow as a
suspected BSE case during mandatory prionic testing in slaughter cattle. The
Ljubljana, Slovenia National Veterinary Institute confirmed the BSE test through
histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations on 16 November. Positive
results were corroborated by the Institute of Animal Neurology at the University
of Bern in Switzerland on 20 November.
Source: Reuters; AgWorldwide Internet news; OIE Weekly Disease Information Reports, 16 and 23 November 2001
What actions has Slovenia taken to protect its livestock from BSE?
Table 2. Production and trade in relevant products by Slovenia.
1 Sheep were included in Table 1 and Table 2 as ‘affected’ because USDA/APHIS includes all ruminants and ruminant products in its restrictions pertaining to BSE. Goat production and trade information was unavailable.
Terry S. Singeltary Sr. 6/23/09
In December 1997, APHIS
prohibited the importation of live ruminants and most ruminant products from all
of Europe including Slovenia. In December 2000, import restrictions regarding
BSE were expanded by prohibiting all imports of rendered animal protein
products, regardless of species, from Europe. Slovenia had less than 0.1 percent
of the world’s stocks in cattle, goats, and sheep in 2000. Slovenia’s
meat exports were minimal, and destination countries for the live animal exports
were not specified. Slovenia exported meat and bone meal to Austria,
Bosnia-Hercegovina and Croatia in 1999. The US imported no products from
Slovenia during 2000 or 2001 that would be of risk for BSE transmission. In
1998, the US imported small quantities of animal feeds from Slovenia, however,
it is not known if these feeds contained ruminant materials. The infected cow
came from a farm in northeast Slovenia.
How extensive is the
outbreak of BSE in Slovenia?
BSE has been confirmed in a
five-year old cow in Slovenia on 16 November. This is the first case of BSE in
Slovenia, and the cow was domestically bred. Slovenia first identified the cow
as a suspected BSE case during routine and mandatory Western blot prionic
testing for BSE in slaughter cattle. The Ljubljana, Slovenia National Veterinary
Institute and the Institute of Animal Neurology Laboratory in Switzerland
confirmed the BSE test. The infected cow came from a small, extensive farm with
nine animals in the Zgornja Savinsjka valley in northeast Slovenia. Veterinary
authorities immediately isolated the farm and banned all movement of animals to
and from the farm.
Source: Reuters; AgWorldwide Internet news; OIE Weekly Disease Information Reports, 16 and 23 November 2001
What actions has Slovenia taken to protect its livestock from BSE?
Slovenia has a national BSE
testing program in place, feeding of meat and bone meal is banned,, and bovine
product imports have been restricted. Use of meat and bone meal has been banned
since 1996 as a feed for ruminants, and for non-ruminants since late
2000.
Beginning February 2001, quick
post mortem prionic testing for all slaughtered animals has been mandatory in
Slovenia for all slaughtered animals older than 30 months. In January 2000,
Slovenian authorities had conducted 700 histological tests after reports of BSE
in Germany and Italy. In February 2000, the government was reportedly performing
250 prionic tests daily. In 1996 a policy of random testing for animals older
than 36 months was introduced. Since 1992, Slovenia has routinely performed
pathohistologic analysis of bovine brains for cattle exhibiting clinical signs
of a central nervous system malady.
Since 1991, Slovenia has
incrementally added to the list of European countries from which it bans imports
of live bovine animals, semen and embryos, meat products, gelatin, collagen, raw
materials for pharmaceutical use, and other bovine products:
Imports banned
from
|
Beginning in
year
|
United Kingdom
|
1991
|
Ireland, Switzerland, France,
Portugal
|
1996
|
Belgium,
Netherlands
|
1998
|
Germany
|
2000
|
Italy
|
2001
|
Source:
USDA, Foreign Agricultural Service GAIN Report #SI1001, March 27,
2001
What is Slovenia’s
production and trade in affected animals and animal products?
Slovenia's stocks of cattle,
goats and sheep were less than 0.1 percent of world stocks in 2000 (Table 1).
Imports of cattle were 0.35 percent of the world export trade in 1999, but goat
and sheep imports were both less than 0.1 percent. Cattle imports were
exclusively from Central and Eastern Europe and Hungarian imports dominated the
Slovenian market. Slovenia exported only 19 metric tons of cattle in 1999; the
number of live animals in this figure was not available. Goat export values were
not available, and sheep exports were less than 0.1 percent of world sheep
exports.
Table 1. Slovenia’s live
animal stocks and exports and imports of live animals.
Live Animal
|
2000 Stocks
|
Trade
| ||||
1999 Exports
|
1999 Imports
| |||||
Head
|
% World
|
Head
|
% World
|
Head
|
% World
| |
Cattle
|
471,425
|
<0 .1="" font="">
|
-
|
-
|
30,000
|
.36%
|
Goats
|
14,643
|
<0 .1="" font="">
|
-
|
-
|
19
|
<0 .1="" font="">
|
Sheep
|
72,533
|
<0 .1="" font="">
|
1
|
<0 .1="" font="">
|
180
|
<0 .1="" font="">
|
Slovenian production was less
than 0.1 percent of the world's production of beef and veal and mutton and lamb
in 2000 (Table 2). Slovenia imported less than 0.1 percent of the world's beef
and veal and mutton and lamb in 1999. Slovenia also imported 121 metric tons of
meat and bone meal from Austria in 1999. Slovenia exported beef and veal in
2000, accounting for 0.2 percent of world exports; destinations of the beef and
veal exports were not specified. Slovenian exports of meat and bone meal in 1999
totaled 1,527 metric tons to Austria, Bosnia-Hercegovina and Croatia.
Information on goat imports and exports was not available.
Table 2. Production and trade in relevant products by Slovenia.
Products
|
2000 Production
|
Trade
| ||||
1999 Exports
|
1999 Imports
| |||||
Metric ton
|
% World
|
Metric ton
|
% World
|
Metric ton
|
% World
| |
Beef and
Veal
|
42,200
|
<0 .1="" font="">
|
3,200
|
.2%
|
130
|
<0 .1="" font="">
|
Mutton
and Lamb1
|
930
|
<0 .1="" font="">
|
-
|
-
|
11
|
<0 .1="" font="">
|
Source: United Nations FAO;
USDA, Foreign Agricultural Service GAIN
Report #SI1001, March 27, 2001
1 Sheep were included in Table 1 and Table 2 as ‘affected’ because USDA/APHIS includes all ruminants and ruminant products in its restrictions pertaining to BSE. Goat production and trade information was unavailable.
What are the U.S. imports
of affected animals or animal products from Slovenia?
In 2001, 2000 and 1999, no
affected animals or animal products were imported from Slovenia. In 1998, the
only affected product imported into the US from Slovenia was 260,000 kg of
"Preparations Used in Animal Feedings, Not Otherwise Specified." It is not known
whether this feed contained ruminant materials.
Source:
World Trade Atlas
Did the US have
restrictions on ruminant imports from Slovenia prior to this
case?
In December 1997, APHIS
prohibited the importation of live ruminants and most ruminant products from all
of Europe including Slovenia until a thorough assessment of the risks of
introduction of BSE into the US could be made. Prior to December 1997, import
restrictions were applied only to those countries which had reported cases of
BSE in native animals. Also, importation of ruminant meat from BSE-affected
countries was permitted if the meat was deboned and free of visually
identifiable lymphatic and nervous tissue and if it met other restrictions.
Import regulations enacted December 1997 extended the import restrictions to
countries which had not had a declared BSE case, yet had risk factors for BSE
occurrence.
These regulatory changes also
removed provisions that allowed importation of ruminant meat from the restricted
countries, and thereby prohibited importation of ruminant meat from all Europe.
These import restrictions also applied to bone meal, blood meal, meat meal,
offal, fat, glands, and serum from ruminants. In December
2000, APHIS expanded its import restrictions regarding BSE by prohibiting all
imports from Europe of rendered animal protein products, regardless of
species.
Source:
USDA, APHIS, VS
What is the level of
passenger traffic arriving in the United States from Slovenia?
There were no direct flights
from Slovenia to the US in fiscal year 2000.
APHIS-PPQ’s agriculture
quarantine inspection monitoring sampled 27 air passengers from Slovenia for
items of agricultural interest in fiscal year 2000. One of these 27 passengers
was carrying two kilograms of a meat item that could potentially harbor
pathogens that cause BSE. This
passenger arrived to Elizabeth, New York, in June 2000 and declared no intention
to visit a farm or ranch in the US.
Source: US
Department of Transportation, and APHIS-PPQ Agricultural Quarantine Inspection
data base
CEI’s plans for follow
up:
Prior to CEI’s January 2002
quarterly summary of disease events October-December 2001, CEI will review any
further developments in this Slovenian outbreak.
If you need more information
or wish to comment, you may reply to this message or contact Jennifer Grannis at
(970) 490-7844 or David Cummings at (970) 490-7895.
Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) Inspection 2009 Slovenia and
Bulgaria
Spongiform Encephalopathy, Slovenia
Impact Worksheet, November 23, 2001
Page 64 of 98
8/3/2006
Summary: In Slovenia, BSE was confirmed in a five-year old domestically
bred cow; this is the first case of BSE in that country. Slovenia identified the
cow as a suspected BSE case during mandatory prionic testing in slaughter
cattle. The Ljubljana, Slovenia National Veterinary Institute confirmed the BSE
test through histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations on 16
November. Positive results were corroborated by the Institute of Animal
Neurology at the University of Bern in Switzerland on 20 November.
In December 1997, APHIS prohibited the importation of live ruminants and
most ruminant products from all of Europe including Slovenia. In December 2000,
import restrictions regarding BSE were expanded by prohibiting all imports of
rendered animal protein products, regardless of species, from Europe. Slovenia
had less than 0.1 percent of the world’s stocks in cattle, goats, and sheep in
2000. Slovenia’s meat exports were minimal, and destination countries for the
live animal exports were not specified. Slovenia exported meat and bone meal to
Austria, Bosnia-Hercegovina and Croatia in 1999. The US imported no products
from Slovenia during 2000 or 2001 that would be of risk for BSE transmission. In
1998, the US imported small quantities of animal feeds from Slovenia, however,
it is not known if these feeds contained ruminant materials. The infected cow
came from a farm in northeast Slovenia.
How extensive is the outbreak of BSE in Slovenia?
BSE has been confirmed in a five-year old cow in Slovenia on 16 November.
This is the first case of BSE in Slovenia, and the cow was domestically bred.
Slovenia first identified the cow as a suspected BSE case during routine and
mandatory Western blot prionic testing for BSE in slaughter cattle. The
Ljubljana, Slovenia National Veterinary Institute and the Institute of Animal
Neurology Laboratory in Switzerland confirmed the BSE test. The infected cow
came from a small, extensive farm with nine animals in the Zgornja Savinsjka
valley in northeast Slovenia. Veterinary authorities immediately isolated the
farm and banned all movement of animals to and from the farm.
Source: Reuters; AgWorldwide Internet news; OIE Weekly Disease Information
Reports, 16 and 23 November 2001 What actions has Slovenia taken to protect its
livestock from BSE?
Slovenia has a national BSE testing program in place, feeding of meat and
bone meal is banned,, and bovine product imports have been restricted. Use of
meat and bone meal has been banned since 1996 as a feed for ruminants, and for
non-ruminants since late 2000.
Beginning February 2001, quick post mortem prionic testing for all
slaughtered animals has been mandatory in Slovenia for all slaughtered animals
older than 30 months. In January 2000, Slovenian authorities had conducted 700
histological tests after reports of BSE in Germany and Italy. In February 2000,
the government was reportedly performing 250 prionic tests daily. In 1996 a
policy of random testing for animals older than 36 months was introduced. Since
1992, Slovenia has routinely performed pathohistologic analysis of bovine brains
for cattle exhibiting clinical signs of a central nervous system malady.
Since 1991, Slovenia has incrementally added to the list of European
countries from which it bans imports of live bovine animals, semen and embryos,
meat products, gelatin, collagen, raw materials for pharmaceutical use, and
other
Page 65 of 98 8/3/2006
bovine products:
Imports banned from Beginning in year
United Kingdom
1991
Ireland, Switzerland, France, Portugal
1996
Belgium, Netherlands
1998
Germany
2000
Italy
2001
Source: USDA, Foreign Agricultural Service GAIN Report #SI1001, March 27,
2001
What is Slovenia’s production and trade in affected animals and animal
products?
Slovenia's stocks of cattle, goats and sheep were less than 0.1 percent of
world stocks in 2000 (Table 1). Imports of cattle were 0.35 percent of the world
export trade in 1999, but goat and sheep imports were both less than 0.1
percent. Cattle imports were exclusively from Central and Eastern Europe and
Hungarian imports dominated the Slovenian market. Slovenia exported only 19
metric tons of cattle in 1999; the number of live animals in this figure was not
available. Goat export values were not available, and sheep exports were less
than 0.1 percent of world sheep exports. Table 1. Slovenia’s live animal stocks
and exports and imports of live animals.
Live Animal 2000 Stocks Trade 1999 Exports 1999 Imports Head % World Head %
World Head % World Cattle 471,425 <0 -="" .1="" .36="" 14="" 180="" 19="" 1="" 30="" 66="" 72="" 8="" 98="" div="" goats="" of="" page="" sheep="">
Slovenian production was less than 0.1 percent of the world's production of
beef and veal and mutton and lamb in 2000 (Table 2). Slovenia imported less than
0.1 percent of the world's beef and veal and mutton and lamb in 1999. Slovenia
also imported 121 metric tons of meat and bone meal from Austria in 1999.
Slovenia exported beef and veal in 2000, accounting for 0.2 percent of world
exports; destinations of the beef and veal exports were not specified. Slovenian
exports of meat and bone meal in 1999 totaled 1,527 metric tons to Austria,
Bosnia-Hercegovina and Croatia. Information on goat imports and exports was not
available. Table 2. Production and trade in relevant products by Slovenia.
Products 2000 Production Trade 1999 Exports 1999 Imports Metric ton % World
Metric ton % World Metric ton % World Beef and Veal 42,200 <0 -="" .1="" .2="" 11="" 130="" 3="" 67="" 8="" 930="" 98="" and="" div="" lamb1="" mutton="" of="" page="">
Source: United Nations FAO; USDA, Foreign Agricultural Service GAIN Report
#SI1001, March 27, 2001
1 Sheep were included in Table 1 and Table 2 as ‘affected’ because
USDA/APHIS includes all ruminants and ruminant products in its restrictions
pertaining to BSE. Goat production and trade information was unavailable.
What are the U.S. imports of affected animals or animal products from
Slovenia?
In 2001, 2000 and 1999, no affected animals or animal products were
imported from Slovenia. In 1998, the only affected product imported into the US
from Slovenia was 260,000 kg of "Preparations Used in Animal Feedings, Not
Otherwise Specified." It is not known whether this feed contained ruminant
materials.
Source: World Trade Atlas
Did the US have restrictions on ruminant imports from Slovenia prior to
this case?
In December 1997, APHIS prohibited the importation of live ruminants and
most ruminant products from all of Europe including Slovenia until a thorough
assessment of the risks of introduction of BSE into the US could be made. Prior
to December 1997, import restrictions were applied only to those countries which
had reported cases of BSE in native animals. Also, importation of ruminant meat
from BSE-affected countries was permitted if the meat was deboned and free of
visually identifiable lymphatic and nervous tissue and if it met other
restrictions. Import regulations enacted December 1997 extended the import
restrictions to countries which had not had a declared BSE case, yet had risk
factors for BSE occurrence.
These regulatory changes also removed provisions that allowed importation
of ruminant meat from the restricted countries, and thereby prohibited
importation of ruminant meat from all Europe. These import restrictions also
applied to bone meal, blood meal, meat meal, offal, fat, glands, and serum from
ruminants. In December 2000, APHIS expanded its import restrictions regarding
BSE by prohibiting all imports from Europe of rendered animal protein products,
regardless of species.
Source: USDA, APHIS, VS
What is the level of passenger traffic arriving in the United States from
Slovenia?
There were no direct flights from Slovenia to the US in fiscal year
2000.
APHIS-PPQ’s agriculture quarantine inspection monitoring sampled 27 air
passengers from Slovenia for items of agricultural interest in fiscal year 2000.
One of these 27 passengers was carrying two kilograms of a meat item that could
potentially harbor pathogens that cause BSE. This passenger arrived to
Elizabeth, New York, in June 2000 and declared no intention to visit a farm or
ranch in the US.
Page 68 of 98 8/3/2006
Source: US Department of Transportation, and APHIS-PPQ Agricultural
Quarantine Inspection data base CEI’s plans for follow up:
Prior to CEI’s January 2002 quarterly summary of disease events
October-December 2001, CEI will review any further developments in this
Slovenian outbreak.
If you need more information or wish to comment, you may reply to this
message or contact Jennifer Grannis at (970) 490-7844 or David Cummings at (970)
490-7895.
Scientific Steering Committee – Opinion on the GBR of SLOVENIA September
2002
CONCLUSION ON THE CURRENT GBR
The BSE-agent was potentially imported into the country via infected MBM in
the mid 90s when MBM imports peaked. This MBM reached cattle via feed. It can be
expected that the 1997 birth cohort had a much lower chance to be infected
because MBM imports decreased dramatically and the first feed ban was
introduced. Although the rendering system was able to reduce BSE infectivity
since 1992, some recycling and propagation may have occurred because SRM were
not removed and therefore rendered.
The first domestic BSE-case in Slovenia was identified in November 2001 and
a second case was confirmed in January 2002. It is therefore confirmed (GBR III)
that domestic cattle in Slovenia are (clinically or pre-clinically) infected
with the BSE-agent at a low incidence.
see more here ;
Greetings list members,
i just cannot accept this;
23 kg of meat in a suitcase (suitcase bomb...TSS)
The data do not provide a species of origin code for these
products, therefore they may not contain any ruminant product.
what kind of statement is this? how stupid do they think we are? it could
also very well mean that _all_ of it was ruminant based products !
Terry S. Singeltary Sr., Bacliff, Texas USA
What is the level of passenger traffic arriving in the United States from
Slovenia?
There were no direct flights from Slovenia to the US in fiscal year
2000.
APHIS-PPQ’s agriculture quarantine inspection monitoring sampled 27 air
passengers from Slovenia for items of agricultural interest in fiscal year
2000.
One of these 27 passengers was carrying two kilograms of a meat item that
could potentially harbor pathogens that cause BSE. This passenger arrived to
Elizabeth, New York, in June 2000 and declared no intention to visit a farm or
ranch in the US.
Source: US Department of Transportation, and APHIS-PPQ Agricultural
Quarantine Inspection data base http://www.aphis.usda.gov/vs/ceah/cei/bse_slovenia1101.htm
Greetings FDA and public,
if you go to the below site, and search all BSE known countries and check
out their air traffic illegal meat they have confiscated, and check out the low
number checked, compared to actual passenger traffic, would not take too much
for some nut to bring in FMD/TSEs into the USA as a 'suitcase bomb'.
[[Under APHIS-PPQ's agricultural quarantine inspection monitoring, 284 air
passengers from Israel were sampled for items of agricultural interest in fiscal
year 2001. Seven of these passengers, or 2 percent, carried a total of 11 kg of
meat items that could potentially harbor the pathogen that causes BSE. None of
these passengers from whom meat items were confiscated reported plans to visit
or work on a ranch or farm during their visit to the U.S.]]
if they were to have questioned the terrorist that bombed the Twin Towers
with jets, if they were to have questioned them at flight school in the USA, i
am sure that they would have said they did not intend to visit the Twin Towers
as a flying bomb either. what am i thinking, they probably did ask this? stupid
me.
Terry S. Singeltary Sr. P.O. Box 42 Bacliff, Texas USA 77518
Docket Management Docket: 02N-0276 - Bioterrorism Preparedness;
Registration of Food Facilities, Section 305 Comment Number: EC -254 Accepted -
Volume 11
PRION 2015 ORAL AND POSTER CONGRESSIONAL ABSTRACTS
THANK YOU PRION 2015 TAYLOR & FRANCIS, Professor Chernoff, and
Professor Aguzzi et al, for making these PRION 2015 Congressional Poster and
Oral Abstracts available freely to the public. ...Terry S. Singeltary Sr.
O.05: Transmission of prions to primates after extended silent incubation
periods: Implications for BSE and scrapie risk assessment in human populations
Emmanuel Comoy, Jacqueline Mikol, Valerie Durand, Sophie Luccantoni,
Evelyne Correia, Nathalie Lescoutra, Capucine Dehen, and Jean-Philippe Deslys
Atomic Energy Commission; Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
Prion diseases (PD) are the unique neurodegenerative proteinopathies
reputed to be transmissible under field conditions since decades. The
transmission of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) to humans evidenced that
an animal PD might be zoonotic under appropriate conditions. Contrarily, in the
absence of obvious (epidemiological or experimental) elements supporting a
transmission or genetic predispositions, PD, like the other proteinopathies, are
reputed to occur spontaneously (atpical animal prion strains, sporadic CJD
summing 80% of human prion cases). Non-human primate models provided the first
evidences supporting the transmissibiity of human prion strains and the zoonotic
potential of BSE. Among them, cynomolgus macaques brought major information for
BSE risk assessment for human health (Chen, 2014), according to their
phylogenetic proximity to humans and extended lifetime. We used this model to
assess the zoonotic potential of other animal PD from bovine, ovine and cervid
origins even after very long silent incubation periods. ***We recently observed
the direct transmission of a natural classical scrapie isolate to macaque after
a 10-year silent incubation period, with features similar to some reported for
human cases of sporadic CJD, albeit requiring fourfold longe incubation than
BSE. ***Scrapie, as recently evoked in humanized mice (Cassard, 2014), is the
third potentially zoonotic PD (with BSE and L-type BSE), ***thus questioning the
origin of human sporadic cases. We will present an updated panorama of our
different transmission studies and discuss the implications of such extended
incubation periods on risk assessment of animal PD for human health.
===============
***thus questioning the origin of human sporadic cases...
===============
-------- Original Message --------
Subject: re-BSE prions propagate as either variant CJD-like or sporadic CJD
Date: Thu, 28 Nov 2002 10:23:43 -0000
From: "Asante, Emmanuel A" e.asante@ic.ac.uk
To: "'flounder@wt.net'" flounder@wt.net
Dear Terry,
I have been asked by Professor Collinge to respond to your request. I am a
Senior Scientist in the MRC Prion Unit and the lead author on the paper. I have
attached a pdf copy of the paper for your attention.
Thank you for your interest in the paper.
In respect of your first question, the simple answer is, ***yes. As you
will find in the paper, we have managed to associate the alternate phenotype to
type 2 PrPSc, the commonest sporadic CJD. It is too early to be able to claim
any further sub-classification in respect of Heidenhain variant CJD or Vicky
Rimmer's version. It will take further studies, which are on-going, to establish
if there are sub-types to our initial finding which we are now reporting. The
main point of the paper is that, as well as leading to the expected new variant
CJD phenotype, BSE transmission to the 129-methionine genotype can lead to an
alternate phenotype which is indistinguishable from type 2 PrPSc.
I hope reading the paper will enlighten you more on the subject. If I can
be of any further assistance please to not hesitate to ask. Best wishes.
Emmanuel Asante
<>
____________________________________
Dr. Emmanuel A Asante MRC Prion Unit & Neurogenetics Dept. Imperial
College School of Medicine (St. Mary's) Norfolk Place, LONDON W2 1PG Tel: +44
(0)20 7594 3794 Fax: +44 (0)20 7706 3272 email: e.asante@ic.ac.uk (until
9/12/02) New e-mail: e.asante@prion.ucl.ac.uk (active from now)
____________________________________
***Our study demonstrates susceptibility of adult cattle to oral
transmission of classical BSE. ***
***our findings suggest that possible transmission risk of H-type BSE to
sheep and human. ***
P.86: Estimating the risk of transmission of BSE and scrapie to ruminants
and humans by protein misfolding cyclic amplification
Morikazu Imamura, Naoko Tabeta, Yoshifumi Iwamaru, and Yuichi Murayama
National Institute of Animal Health; Tsukuba, Japan
To assess the risk of the transmission of ruminant prions to ruminants and
humans at the molecular level, we investigated the ability of abnormal prion
protein (PrPSc) of typical and atypical BSEs (L-type and H-type) and typical
scrapie to convert normal prion protein (PrPC) from bovine, ovine, and human to
proteinase K-resistant PrPSc-like form (PrPres) using serial protein misfolding
cyclic amplification (PMCA).
Six rounds of serial PMCA was performed using 10% brain homogenates from
transgenic mice expressing bovine, ovine or human PrPC in combination with PrPSc
seed from typical and atypical BSE- or typical scrapie-infected brain
homogenates from native host species. In the conventional PMCA, the conversion
of PrPC to PrPres was observed only when the species of PrPC source and PrPSc
seed matched. However, in the PMCA with supplements (digitonin, synthetic polyA
and heparin), both bovine and ovine PrPC were converted by PrPSc from all tested
prion strains. On the other hand, human PrPC was converted by PrPSc from typical
and H-type BSE in this PMCA condition.
Although these results were not compatible with the previous reports
describing the lack of transmissibility of H-type BSE to ovine and human
transgenic mice, ***our findings suggest that possible transmission risk of
H-type BSE to sheep and human. Bioassay will be required to determine whether
the PMCA products are infectious to these animals.
================
***Our study demonstrates susceptibility of adult cattle to oral
transmission of classical BSE. ***
P.86: Estimating the risk of transmission of BSE and scrapie to ruminants
and humans by protein misfolding cyclic amplification
Morikazu Imamura, Naoko Tabeta, Yoshifumi Iwamaru, and Yuichi Murayama
National Institute of Animal Health; Tsukuba, Japan
To assess the risk of the transmission of ruminant prions to ruminants and
humans at the molecular level, we investigated the ability of abnormal prion
protein (PrPSc) of typical and atypical BSEs (L-type and H-type) and typical
scrapie to convert normal prion protein (PrPC) from bovine, ovine, and human to
proteinase K-resistant PrPSc-like form (PrPres) using serial protein misfolding
cyclic amplification (PMCA).
Six rounds of serial PMCA was performed using 10% brain homogenates from
transgenic mice expressing bovine, ovine or human PrPC in combination with PrPSc
seed from typical and atypical BSE- or typical scrapie-infected brain
homogenates from native host species. In the conventional PMCA, the conversion
of PrPC to PrPres was observed only when the species of PrPC source and PrPSc
seed matched. However, in the PMCA with supplements (digitonin, synthetic polyA
and heparin), both bovine and ovine PrPC were converted by PrPSc from all tested
prion strains. On the other hand, human PrPC was converted by PrPSc from typical
and H-type BSE in this PMCA condition.
Although these results were not compatible with the previous reports
describing the lack of transmissibility of H-type BSE to ovine and human
transgenic mice, ***our findings suggest that possible transmission risk of
H-type BSE to sheep and human. Bioassay will be required to determine whether
the PMCA products are infectious to these animals.
===============
Saturday, May 30, 2015
PRION 2015 ORAL AND POSTER CONGRESSIONAL ABSTRACTS
PRION 2015 CONFERENCE FT. COLLINS CWD RISK FACTORS TO HUMANS
*** LATE-BREAKING ABSTRACTS PRION 2015 CONFERENCE ***
O18
Zoonotic Potential of CWD Prions
Liuting Qing1, Ignazio Cali1,2, Jue Yuan1, Shenghai Huang3, Diane Kofskey1,
Pierluigi Gambetti1, Wenquan Zou1, Qingzhong Kong1 1Case Western Reserve
University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA, 2Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy,
3Encore Health Resources, Houston, Texas, USA
*** These results indicate that the CWD prion has the potential to infect
human CNS and peripheral lymphoid tissues and that there might be asymptomatic
human carriers of CWD infection.
==================
***These results indicate that the CWD prion has the potential to infect
human CNS and peripheral lymphoid tissues and that there might be asymptomatic
human carriers of CWD infection.***
==================
P.105: RT-QuIC models trans-species prion transmission
Kristen Davenport, Davin Henderson, Candace Mathiason, and Edward Hoover
Prion Research Center; Colorado State University; Fort Collins, CO USA
Conversely, FSE maintained sufficient BSE characteristics to more
efficiently convert bovine rPrP than feline rPrP. Additionally, human rPrP was
competent for conversion by CWD and fCWD.
***This insinuates that, at the level of protein:protein interactions, the
barrier preventing transmission of CWD to humans is less robust than previously
estimated.
================
***This insinuates that, at the level of protein:protein interactions, the
barrier preventing transmission of CWD to humans is less robust than previously
estimated.***
================
Evidence That Transmissible Mink Encephalopathy Results from Feeding
Infected Cattle
Over the next 8-10 weeks, approximately 40% of all the adult mink on the
farm died from TME.
snip...
The rancher was a ''dead stock'' feeder using mostly (>95%) downer or
dead dairy cattle...
In Confidence - Perceptions of unconventional slow virus diseases of
animals in the USA - APRIL-MAY 1989 - G A H Wells
3. Prof. A. Robertson gave a brief account of BSE. The US approach was to
accord it a very low profile indeed. Dr. A Thiermann showed the picture in the
''Independent'' with cattle being incinerated and thought this was a fanatical
incident to be avoided in the US at all costs. ...
*** Spraker suggested an interesting explanation for the occurrence of CWD.
The deer pens at the Foot Hills Campus were built some 30-40 years ago by a Dr.
Bob Davis. At or abut that time, allegedly, some scrapie work was conducted at
this site. When deer were introduced to the pens they occupied ground that had
previously been occupied by sheep.
Tuesday, August 4, 2015
*** FDA U.S. Measures to Protect Against BSE ***
Saturday, September 12, 2015
The Canadian Management of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy in Historical
and Scientific Perspective, 1990-2014
>>>We propose that Canadian policies largely ignored the implicit
medical nature of BSE, treating it as a purely agricultural and veterinary
issue. In this way, policies to protect Canadians were often delayed and
incomplete, in a manner disturbingly reminiscent of Britain’s failed management
of BSE. Despite assurances to the contrary, it is premature to conclude that BSE
(and with it the risk of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease) is a thing of
Canada’s past: BSE remains very much an issue in Canada’s present.
<<<
Thursday, September 10, 2015
25th Meeting of the Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies Advisory
Committee Food and Drug Administration Silver Spring, Maryland June 1, 2015
TSE PRION MAD COW CIRCUS AND TRAVELING ROAD SHOW
Tuesday, September 15, 2015
Texas TAHC Chronic Wasting Disease Confirmed in Lavaca County Captive
White-tailed Deer; Linked to Index Herd
*** RAW, UNCUT, AND UNCENSORED ***
Sunday, August 23, 2015
TAHC Chronic Wasting Disease CWD TSE Prion and how to put lipstick on a pig
and take her to the dance in Texas
Friday, August 14, 2015
*** Susceptibility of cattle to the agent of chronic wasting disease from
elk after intracranial inoculation
Terry S. Singeltary Sr.
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