Detection of PrPres in peripheral tissue in pigs with clinical disease induced by intracerebral challenge with sheep-passaged bovine spongiform encephalopathy agent

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Detection of PrPres in peripheral tissue in pigs with clinical disease induced by intracerebral challenge with sheep-passaged bovine spongiform encephalopathy agent

Carlos Hedman ,Alicia Otero ,Jean-Yves Douet,Caroline Lacroux,Séverine Lugan,Hicham Filali,Fabien Corbière,Naima Aron,Juan José Badiola,Olivier Andréoletti,Rosa Bolea 

Published: July 5, 2018

Abstract

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) can be efficiently transmitted to pigs via intracerebral inoculation. A clear link has been established between the consumption of products of bovine origin contaminated with the BSE agent and the development of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in humans. Small ruminants can also naturally develop BSE, and sheep-adapted BSE (Sh-BSE) propagates more efficiently than cattle BSE in pigs and in mouse models expressing porcine prion protein. In addition, Sh-BSE shows greater efficiency of transmission to human models than original cow BSE. While infectivity and/or abnormal PrP accumulation have been reported in the central nervous system in BSE-infected pigs, the ability of the agent to replicate in peripheral tissues has not been fully investigated. We previously characterized the presence of prions in a panel of tissues collected at the clinical stage of disease from pigs experimentally infected with Sh-BSE. Western blot revealed low levels of PrPres accumulation in lymphoid tissues, nerves, and skeletal muscles from 4 of the 5 animals analysed. Using protein misfolding cyclic amplification (PMCA), which we found to be 6 log fold more sensitive than direct WB for the detection of pig BSE, we confirmed the presence of the Sh-BSE agent in lymphoid organs, nerves, ileum, and striated muscles from all 5 inoculated pigs. Surprisingly, PrPres positivity was also detected in white blood cells from one pig using this method. The presence of infectivity in lymphoid tissues, striated muscles, and peripheral nerves was confirmed by bioassay in bovine PrP transgenic mice. These results demonstrate the ability of BSE-derived agents to replicate efficiently in various peripheral tissues in pigs. Although no prion transmission has been reported in pigs following oral BSE challenge, our data support the continuation of the Feed Ban measure implemented to prevent entry of the BSE agent into the feed chain.

http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0199914

Singeltary's comment;

cwd and scrapie transmits to pigs orally and the USA Section 21 C.F.R. 589.2000, Animal Proteins Prohibited in Ruminant Feed ban WARNING

Posted by flounder on 08 Jul 2018 at 21:05 GMT

>>>Although no prion transmission has been reported in pigs following oral BSE challenge, our data support the continuation of the Feed Ban measure implemented to prevent entry of the BSE agent into the feed chain.<<<

I would kindly like to bring urgent awareness to PLOS and the authors of this study, and the globe, the USA Section 21 C.F.R. 589.2000, Animal Proteins Prohibited in Ruminant Feed ban has been a failed policy since inception imo (see DEFRA report below), also, cervid that are potentially at risk of Chronic Wasting Disease CWD TSE Prion, are still allowed to be used as protein feed for livestock. But foremost, CWD and Scrapie TRANSMITS TO PIGS BY ORAL ROUTE. please see many many more tonnages of 589.2000, Animal Proteins Prohibited in Ruminant Feed right up to 2017. this is an extremely dangerous situation for the globe, especially with this new outbreak of TSE Prion disease in a new livestock species, i.e. camels in Nigeria, this is an extremely dangerous situation that has global ramifications and needs to be addressed asap, or risk spreading cwd tse prion from the USA and Canada further around the globe. please see;

http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/comment?id=10.1371/annotation/a02528e2-6b60-49b2-8719-17927c1a2d60

Terry S. Singeltary Sr.